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forward facing step

Толкование Перевод

1 forward-facing step

уступ, обращенный вперед

Авиасловарь > forward-facing step
2 forward facing step

уступ, обращённый вперёд ( против потока)

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > forward facing step
3 step

ступень; уступ; редан ( гидросамолёта) ; шаг; подножка ( для входа в ЛА)

— backward facing step

— boarding steps

— forward facing step

— incremental steps

— kick step

— passenger step

— planned step

— rear step

— scheduled step

— towable passenger steps

— two-dimensional step

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > step
4 step

1. шаг; ступень; скачок

2. уступ; редан < гидросамолета>

3. ступенька; подножка

aileron step

cross control step

forward-facing step

hinged step

lap-joint step

lateral step

load step

marching step

rudder step

speed step

throttle step

thrust step

time step

unit step

Авиасловарь > step
5 forward

forward [ˈfɔ:wəd]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When forward is an element in a phrasal verb, eg come forward, step forward, look up the verb.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. adverb

also forwards en avant

• to go forward avancer

• to go straight forward aller droit devant soi

• forward march! en avant, marche !

• from that moment forward à partir de ce moment-là

• to come forward se présenter

• he went backward(s) and forward(s) between the station and the house il allait et venait entre la gare et la maison

• to put the clocks forward avancer les pendules

2. adjective

a. ( = in front, ahead) en avant, vers l'avant

• this seat is too far forward ce siège est trop en avant

• I'm no further forward (with this problem) me voilà bien avancé !

b. ( = bold) effronté

3. noun

(Sport) avant m

4. transitive verb

[+ mail] faire suivre

5. compounds

► forwarding address noun

• he left no forwarding address il est parti sans laisser d'adresse ► forward-looking adjective tourné vers l'avenir

► forward planning noun planification f

► forward slash noun barre f oblique

* * *
['fɔːwəd] 1.
noun Sport avant m
2.
adjective

1) ( bold) effronté

2) ( towards the front) [roll, gears] avant inv

forward pass — ( in rugby) en-avant m

to be too far forward — [seat] être trop en avant

3) ( advanced) [season, plant] avancé

how far forward are you? — où en êtes-vous?

4) Finance [market, price, rate] à terme
3.
adverb

1) ( ahead)

to step forward — faire un pas en avant

to fall forward — tomber en avant

to go ou walk forward — avancer

to rush forward — se précipiter

to move something forward — lit, fig avancer quelque chose

a seat facing forward — une place dans le sens de la marche

a way forward — une solution

2) ( towards the future)

to go forward in time — voyager dans le futur

from this day forward — à partir d'aujourd'hui

3) Audio, Video

to wind something forward — faire défiler quelque chose en avance rapide
4.
transitive verb

1) ( dispatch) expédier [goods]; envoyer [catalogue, parcel]

2) ( send on) faire suivre, réexpédier [mail]

English-French dictionary > forward
6 forward

forward

A n Sport avant m.

B adj

1 ( bold) effronté ; it was forward of me to ask c'était assez effronté de ma part de demander ;

2 ( towards the front) [roll] avant inv ; [gears] avant inv ; forward pass ( in rugby) en-avant m ; forward troops Mil ligne f avant ; to be too far forward [seat, headrest] être trop en avant ;

3 ( advanced) [season, plant] avancé ; how far forward are you? où en êtes-vous? ; I'm no further forward je ne suis pas plus avancé ; we're not very far forward yet nous ne sommes pas encore très avancés ;

4 Fin [buying, delivery, market, purchase, rate] à terme ; forward price cours m à terme.

C adv

1 ( ahead) to step/leap forward faire un pas/bond en avant ; to fall ou topple forward tomber en avant ; to go ou walk forward avancer ; to rush forward se précipiter ; to move sth forward lit, fig avancer qch ; ‘forward march!’ ‘en avant, marche!’ ; a seat facing forward une place dans le sens de la marche ; a way forward une solution ; there is no other way forward il n'y a pas d'autre solution ; it's the only way forward c'est la seule solution ; ⇒ backward ;

2 ( towards the future) to travel ou go forward in time voyager dans le futur ; from this day forward à partir d'aujourd'hui ; from that day ou time forward à partir de ce jour-là, désormais ;

3 ( from beginning to end) to wind sth forward faire défiler qch en avance rapide [cassette, tape].

D vtr

1 ( dispatch) expédier [goods] (to à) ; envoyer [catalogue, document, parcel] (to à) ;

2 ( send on) faire suivre, réexpédier [mail] (to à) ; ‘please forward’ ‘faire suivre, svp’.

Big English-French dictionary > forward
7 forward

I 1. ['fɔːwəd]
aggettivo

1) (bold) impertinente, sfrontato, sfacciato

2) (towards the front) [roll, pass] in avanti; [ gears] avanti

to be too far forward — [ seat] essere troppo in avanti

3) (advanced) [ plant] precoce, primaticcio; [ season] in anticipo

how far forward are you? — a che punto siete?

4) econ. [ delivery] differito; [ price] per consegna differita; [ market] delle operazioni per consegna differita; [ rate] a termine
2.
nome sport attaccante m. e f.
II ['fɔːwəd]
avverbio

1) (ahead)

to step forward — fare un passo in avanti

to go o walk forward avanzare; to move sth. forward spostare qcs. in avanti; fig. fare avanzare qcs.; "forward march!" "avanti, marsc!"; a seat facing forward un posto rivolto in avanti, in direzione di marcia; a way forward — una soluzione

2) (towards the future)

to go forward in time — viaggiare nel futuro

from this day forward — da oggi in poi

3) (from beginning to end)

to wind [sth.] forward — fare andare avanti [ cassette]
III ['fɔːwəd]
verbo transitivo

1) form. (dispatch) spedire, inviare [goods, parcel]

2) (send on) inoltrare, far pervenire [ mail]

* * *
['fo:wəd] 1. adjective
1) (moving on; advancing: a forward movement.) avanti, in avanti

2) (at or near the front: The forward part of a ship is called the `bows'.) di prua; in avanti
2. adverb
1) ((also forwards) moving towards the front: A pendulum swings backward(s) and forward(s).) avanti

2) (to a later time: from this time forward.) a partire da
3. noun
((in certain team games, eg football, hockey) a player in a forward position.) attaccante; ala; punta
4. verb
(to send (letters etc) on to another address: I have asked the post office to forward my mail.) inoltrare; rispedire

- bring forward

* * *
I 1. ['fɔːwəd]
aggettivo

1) (bold) impertinente, sfrontato, sfacciato

2) (towards the front) [roll, pass] in avanti; [ gears] avanti

to be too far forward — [ seat] essere troppo in avanti

3) (advanced) [ plant] precoce, primaticcio; [ season] in anticipo

how far forward are you? — a che punto siete?

4) econ. [ delivery] differito; [ price] per consegna differita; [ market] delle operazioni per consegna differita; [ rate] a termine
2.
nome sport attaccante m. e f.
II ['fɔːwəd]
avverbio

1) (ahead)

to step forward — fare un passo in avanti

to go o walk forward avanzare; to move sth. forward spostare qcs. in avanti; fig. fare avanzare qcs.; "forward march!" "avanti, marsc!"; a seat facing forward un posto rivolto in avanti, in direzione di marcia; a way forward — una soluzione

2) (towards the future)

to go forward in time — viaggiare nel futuro

from this day forward — da oggi in poi

3) (from beginning to end)

to wind [sth.] forward — fare andare avanti [ cassette]
III ['fɔːwəd]
verbo transitivo

1) form. (dispatch) spedire, inviare [goods, parcel]

2) (send on) inoltrare, far pervenire [ mail]

English-Italian dictionary > forward
8 rocket

( неуправляемая) ракета, см. тж. missile; ракетный двигатель; свеча ( особенно переходящая в восходящую петлю) ; стрелять ракетами

conical segmented solid fuel rocket — РДТТ с коническим секционным зарядом

free(-flight, -fly) rocket — неуправляемая ракета

liquid(-fueled, -propellant, -propelled) rocket — жидкостная ракета или ракетный двигатель

low pressure nuclear heat-transfer rocket — ядерная ракета с теплопередачей к рабочему телу под низким давлением

radar-reflecting distress signal rocket — аварийно-сигнальная ракета с дипольными отражателями

— acceleration rocket

— aerodynamically stabilized rocket

— aerodynamic-type rocket

— air-augmented rocket

— airborne rocket

— air-breathing rocket

— aircraft-launched rocket

— air-to-space rocket

— all-solid propellant rocket

— ancillary rocket

— antiaircraft rocket

— antihail rocket

— antimissile rocket

— antispin rocket

— antitailspin rocket

— AP rocket

— apogee-injection rocket

— armament rocket

— armor-piercing rocket

— artillery rocket

— assisted-takeoff rocket

— astronomical rocket

— atmosphere rocket

— ATO rocket

— atomic hydrogen rocket

— atomic-powered rocket

— auxiliary rocket

— ballistic rocket

— balloon-borne rocket

— balloon-launched rocket

— balloon-supported rocket

— balloon-type rocket

— barrage rocket

— belt-fed rocket

— bi-phase rocket

— bipropellant rocket

— blunt-nose rocket

— boost rocket

— boosted rocket

— booster rocket

— bottom rocket

— brake rocket

— braking rocket

— building-block rocket

— camera rocket

— cargo rocket

— carrier rocket

— cavity reactor rocket

— cesium-ion rocket

— chaff-dispensing rocket

— chemical rocket

— chute sounding rocket

— cigarette-burning rocket

— circumsolar rocket

— cloud seeding rocket

— clrcumlunar rocket

— clustered rocket

— consumable nuclear rocket

— consumable rocket

— control rocket

— controlled rocket

— controlled-explosion rocket

— correction rocket

— cruciform winged rocket

— cruciform-tailed rocket

— deceleration rocket

— deep-space rocket

— delta-wing rocket

— de-orbit rocket

— de-orbit-retro rocket

— distress signal rocket

— disturbance rocket

— double-nozzled rocket

— double-star signal rocket

— drill rocket

— dry-fuel rocket

— dual-thrust rocket

— ducted rocket

— dummy rocket

— earth-satellite rocket

— ejection rocket

— electrically powered rocket

— electric-nuclear rocket

— electromagnetic rocket

— electron-bombardment ion rocket

— electrostatic rocket

— electrothermal rocket

— end-burning rocket

— erratic rocket

— escape rocket

— expendable rocket

— experimental rocket

— exploration rocket

— external rockets

— extraterrestrial rocket

— fast reactor rocket

— fast-response rocket

— ferry rocket

— final-stage rocket

— finless rocket

— finned rocket

— fin-stabilized rocket

— firework rocket

— first-generation rocket

— fizzler rocket

— flox-burning rocket

— folding-fin rocket

— forward-facing rocket

— forward-firing aerial rocket

— forward-firing rocket

— free-rolling rocket

— full-scale rocket

— gaseous-fission rocket

— geophysical rocket

— gimbaled rocket

— glide rocket

— global rocket

— guided rocket

— heat-transfer nuclear rocket

— heavy rocket

— helium-injection rocket

— high-altitude rocket

— high-explosive rocket

— high-thrust rocket

— high-velocity aircraft rocket

— HTO rocket

— hybrid rocket

— hydrazine rocket

— hydrogen rocket

— hydrogen-oxygen rocket

— hydrogen-peroxide-powered rocket

— hypergolic rocket

— hypersonic rocket

— hyperveloclty rocket

— ideal rocket

— igniter rocket

— impulse rocket

— incremental-step rocket

— inert practice rocket

— inhabited rocket

— initial rocket

— instrumented rocket

— instrument-equipped rocket

— internal sustainer rocket

— interplanetary rocket

— ion rocket

— JATO rocket

— jato rocket

— jettisonable booster rocket

— jump rocket

— kick rocket

— laboratory rocket

— landing rocket

— lateral-burning rocket

— life rocket

— light rocket

— line-carrying rocket

— line-throwing rocket

— liquid-chemical rocket

— liquid-core nuclear rocket

— long-range rocket

— low-altitude rocket

— low-cost rocket

— low-level rocket

— low-thrust rocket

— lunar rocket

— mail-carrying rocket

— main rocket

— man-carrying rocket

— maneuvering rocket

— many-staged rocket

— medium-range rocket

— meteorological rocket

— monopropellant rocket

— moon rocket

— multiple tank rocket

— multiple-nozzle rocket

— multiple-step rocket

— multistaged rocket

— nonexpendable rocket

— nonrecoverable rocket

— nontlirust rocket

— N-step rocket

— nuclear heat-transfer rocket

— nuclear rocket

— nuclear-fission rocket

— one-shot rocket

— on-off rocket

— on-off solid rocket

— optimized rocket

— orbital rocket

— outer-space rocket

— paraglider-recovered rocket

— passenger rocket

— peroxide rocket

— photographic rocket

— photon rocket

— piloted stage rocket

— pilotless rocket

— plasma core rocket

— plasma rocket

— plug nozzle rocket

— postal rocket

— powder rocket

— practice rocket

— pre-packaged liquid-propellant rocket

— preset rocket

— probe rocket

— production-type rocket

— projectile-shaped rocket

— ram rocket

— readied rocket

— reconnaissance rocket

— recoverable-stage rocket

— rescue rocket

— research rocket

— restricted-burning rocket

— retarding rocket

— retro rocket

— retrograde rocket

— retrothrust rocket

— re-usable rocket

— reverse-thrust rocket

— rotor rocket

— satellite rocket

— satellite-launching rocket

— seat-pusher rocket

— second-stage rocket

— self-contained rocket

— separation rocket

— sharp-nosed rocket

— short-range rocket

— signal rocket

— simulated rocket

— single-stage rocket

— single-step rocket

— sister rocket

— sky rocket

— slender rocket

— slim rocket

— smoke rocket

— smokeless rocket

— smoky rocket

— solid boosted rocket

— solid-core nuclear rocket

— solid-fuel rocket

— solid-liquid rocket

— solid-propellant rocket

— sounding rocket

— space observation rocket

— space rocket

— spin rocket

— spinner rocket

— spin-stabilized rocket

— stage rocket

— steam rocket

— steering rocket

— step-by-step rocket

— stop-start solid rocket

— sub rocket

— subliming solid rocket

— subsonic rocket

— superperformance rocket

— supersonic rocket

— supply rocket

— survival rocket

— sustainer rocket

— takeoff rocket

— tandem rocket

— tanker rocket

— target rocket

— telemetering rocket

— theoretical rocket

— three-stage rocket

— three-step rocket

— throttlable rocket

— thrust-augmented rocket

— thrust-limited rocket

— thrust-vector-control led rocket

— tip rocket

— transonic rocket

— transport rocket

— turboratn rocket

— two-stage rocket

— two-step rocket

— ullage rocket

— unboosted rocket

— unfinned rocket

— unfueled rocket

— unguided rocket

— unmanned rocket

— unrestricted burning rocket

— upper-air exploration rocket

— upper-air research rocket

— upper-atmosphere exploration rocket

— upper-atmosphere research rocket

— vernier rocket

— VTO rocket

— wet-fuel rocket

— wind rocket

— window-loaded rocket

— wingtip rocket

— workhorse rocket

— zero-length rocket

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > rocket
9 frente

f.

forehead.

frente a frente face to face

m.

1 front (parte delantera).

dar un paso al frente to step forward

estar al frente de to be in charge of, to head; (empresa) to be at the front of, to lead (manifestación)

de frente forward (hacia delante)

chocaron de frente they collided head on

me encontré de frente con él I found myself face to face with him

en frente opposite

en frente de mi casa opposite my house

hacer frente a algo to face up to something

2 front (military) (de batalla).

hacer o formar frente común to make common cause

3 front (Meteo).

frente cálido/frío warm/cold front

4 forehead, brow.

5 alliance, coalition.

* * *

frente

► nombre masculino

1 (gen) front

2 MILITAR front, front line

► nombre femenino

1 ANATOMÍA forehead

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

al frente de (delante) at the head of 2 (hacia delante) ahead

arrugar la frente to frown

chocar de frente to crash head on

con la frente muy alta with one's head up high

de frente (hacia adelante) straight ahead 2 (sin rodeos) straight

frente a (enfrente de) in front of, opposite 2 (en contra de) against 3 (en presencia de) in the presence of

frente a frente face to face

hacer frente a alguien to challenge somebody, face up to somebody

hacer frente a algo to face something, face up to something

no tener dos dedos de frente to be as thick as two short planks

ponerse al frente de algo to take command of something

* * *

noun f.

1) front

2) brow, forehead

* * *

1.

SF (Anat) forehead, brow liter

• arrugar la frente — to frown, knit one's brow

- adornar la frente a algn

- con la frente muy alta

- lo lleva escrito en la frente

- frente a frente
dedo
2. SM

1) (=parte delantera) front

• al frente — in front

un ejército con su capitán al frente — an army led by its captain, an army with its captain at the front

• al frente de, entró en Madrid al frente de las tropas — he led the troops into Madrid, he entered Madrid at the head of his troops

el Madrid sigue al frente de la clasificación — Madrid still lead the table o are still top of the league

espero seguir al frente del festival — I hope to continue as director of the festival

estuvo al frente del Ministerio de Industria — he was Minister for Industry

un concierto con Herbert Von Karajan al frente de la Filarmónica de Berlín — a concert by the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by Herbert Von Karajan

• en frente, la casa de en frente — the house opposite

• hacer frente a — [+ crisis, problemas] to tackle; [+ situación, realidad] to face up to

hay que hacer frente a las dificultades — we have to tackle the problems

tenemos que hacer frente a grandes gastos — we are facing considerable expenses

• frente por frente, vivimos frente por frente — we live directly opposite each other

está frente por frente del cine — it's directly opposite the cinema

frente de arranque, frente de trabajo — (Min) coalface

2)

• de frente, atacar de frente — to make a frontal attack

chocar de frente — to crash head-on

ir de frente — to go forward

mirar de frente — to look (straight) ahead

seguir de frente — to go straight on, go straight ahead

viene un coche de frente — there's a car heading straight for us

3) (Mil, Pol) front

• formar o hacer un frente común con algn — to form a united front with sb

han formado un frente contra la corrupción — they have formed an alliance against corruption

frente de batalla — battle front

frente del oeste — western front

Frente Polisario — Polisario Front

frente popular — popular front

frente unido — united front

4) (Meteo) front

frente cálido — warm front

frente frío — cold front

5)

• frente a —

a) (=enfrente de) opposite

frente al hotel hay un banco — there's a bank opposite the hotel

ella está frente a mí — she is facing o opposite me

el barco encalló frente a la costa irlandesa — the boat ran aground off the Irish coast

b) (=en presencia de)

frente a las cámaras — in front of the cameras

me encontré frente a una situación difícil — I found myself facing a difficult situation

ceder frente a una amenaza — to give way to o in the face of a threat

c) (=en oposición a)

el euro sigue fuerte frente al dólar — the euro remains strong against the dollar

logró un 39% de los votos, frente al 49% de 1990 — she got 39% of the vote, as against 49% in 1990

empataron frente al Santander — they drew against o with Santander

frente a lo que pensaba, eran franceses — in contrast to what I thought, they were French

6)

• frente mío/ suyo — esp Cono Sur * in front of me/you, opposite me/you

* * *
I
femenino forehead, brow (liter)

arrugó la frente — she frowned

una frente despejada or ancha — a broad forehead

con la frente bien alta or en alto — with one's head held high
II
masculino

1)

a) ( de edificio) front, facade (frml)

hacer(le) frente a algo — (a la realidad, una responsabilidad) to face up to something; (a gastos, obligaciones) to meet something

le hizo frente a la vida por sus propios medios — she stood on her own two feet

hacerle frente a alguien — (a enemigo, atacante) to face somebody

b) (en locs)

al frente: dio un paso al frente she took a step forward; la Orquesta Sinfónica, con López Morán al frente the Symphony Orchestra, conducted by López Morán; desfilaron llevando al frente el emblema de la paz they marched behind the symbol of peace; vive al frente (Chi) she lives opposite; pasar al frente (AmL) to come/go up to the front; al frente de: están al frente de la clasificación they are at the top of the table; iba al frente de la patrulla he was leading the patrol; está al frente de la empresa she is in charge of the company; de frente: chocaron de frente they crashed head on; una foto de frente a full-face photo; no entra de frente it won't go in front on; de frente a (AmL) facing; frente a opposite; viven frente a mi casa they live opposite me; el hotel está frente al mar the hotel faces the sea; estamos frente a un grave problema we are faced with a serious problem; se mantiene estable frente al dólar — it is holding up against the dollar

2)

a) (Meteo) front

b) ( en una guerra) front

sin novedad en el frente — (fr hecha, hum) all quiet on that front (colloq & hum)

un frente de acción contra la droga — a campaign to combat drugs

c) (Pol) ( agrupación) front

el frente de liberación — the liberation front

hacer (un) frente común — to form a united front

•

- frente de batalla

* * *
I
femenino forehead, brow (liter)

arrugó la frente — she frowned

una frente despejada or ancha — a broad forehead

con la frente bien alta or en alto — with one's head held high
II
masculino

1)

a) ( de edificio) front, facade (frml)

hacer(le) frente a algo — (a la realidad, una responsabilidad) to face up to something; (a gastos, obligaciones) to meet something

le hizo frente a la vida por sus propios medios — she stood on her own two feet

hacerle frente a alguien — (a enemigo, atacante) to face somebody

b) (en locs)

al frente: dio un paso al frente she took a step forward; la Orquesta Sinfónica, con López Morán al frente the Symphony Orchestra, conducted by López Morán; desfilaron llevando al frente el emblema de la paz they marched behind the symbol of peace; vive al frente (Chi) she lives opposite; pasar al frente (AmL) to come/go up to the front; al frente de: están al frente de la clasificación they are at the top of the table; iba al frente de la patrulla he was leading the patrol; está al frente de la empresa she is in charge of the company; de frente: chocaron de frente they crashed head on; una foto de frente a full-face photo; no entra de frente it won't go in front on; de frente a (AmL) facing; frente a opposite; viven frente a mi casa they live opposite me; el hotel está frente al mar the hotel faces the sea; estamos frente a un grave problema we are faced with a serious problem; se mantiene estable frente al dólar — it is holding up against the dollar

2)

a) (Meteo) front

b) ( en una guerra) front

sin novedad en el frente — (fr hecha, hum) all quiet on that front (colloq & hum)

un frente de acción contra la droga — a campaign to combat drugs

c) (Pol) ( agrupación) front

el frente de liberación — the liberation front

hacer (un) frente común — to form a united front

•

- frente de batalla

* * *

frente¹

¹ = brow, forehead.

Nota: De la cabeza.

Ex: I can see a staff member in a sitting position with hand held on the brow covering the eye vision and engrossed in reading.

Ex: The camera hound of the future wears on his forehead a lump a little larger than a walnut.

* con el sudor de + Posesivo + frente = by the sweat of + Posesivo + brow.

* con la frente en alto = stand + tall.

* dinero ganado con el sudor de la frente = hard-earned money.

* ganarse el pan con el sudor de la frente = earn + Posesivo + daily bread with the sweat of + Posesivo + brow.

* no tener dos dedos de frente = as thick as a brick, as thick as two (short) planks, as daft as a brush, knucklehead.

* sudor de la frente = sweat of the brow.

frente²

² = front.

Ex: In addition, one must not forget such mundane matters as door bells ( front and back), a closing bell, fire bells, security alarms and possibly others all of which must be noticeably different.

* al frente de = in the forefront of/in, in charge (of), at the forefront of.

* choque de frente = head-on collision.

* dar un paso al frente = step up.

* de frente = head-on, frontal.

* hacia el frente = ahead.

* mantenerse al frente = keep + ahead.

* mirar al frente = look + straight ahead.

* poner a Alguien al frente de = put + Nombre + in charge of.

* viento de frente = headwind.

frente³

³ = front.

Ex: Present auguries on the resource front are not good.

* frente cálido = warm front.

* frente de altas presiones = ridge of high pressure.

* frente de bajas presiones = ridge of low pressure.

* frente de batalla, el = battlefront, the.

* frente de guerra, el = war front, the.

* frente de investigación = research front.

* frente frío = cold front.

* frente glacial = cold front.

* frente metereológico = weather front.

* frente occidental, el = Western Front, the.

* hacer un frente común = stand up as + one.

* presentar un frente común = present + common front.

frente⁴

= against.

Ex: Against this proliferation of hosts there is a distinct awareness amongst users of the need for the rationalisation.

* en frente = ahead, in front.

* en frente de = in front of.

* frente a = opposite, versus (vs - abreviatura), outside, in the face of.

* frente a la playa = beachfront.

* frente al mar = on the seafront, seafront, beachfront.

* frente al océano = oceanfront.

* hacer frente = combat, come to + terms with, contain, address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on, engage.

* hacer frente a = confront, deal with, face, face up to, meet, cope with, stand up to, brave, breast, address.

* hacer frente a deudas = meet + debts.

* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.

* hacer frente a la delincuencia = tackle + crime.

* hacer frente a la inflación = combat + inflation.

* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.

* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).

* hacer frente a las diferencias = face + differences.

* hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.

* hacer frente a la vida = cope.

* hacer frente al cambio = manage + change.

* hacer frente al futuro = face up to + the future.

* hacer frente al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.

* hacer frente a los elementos = brave + the elements.

* hacer frente a los hechos = face + facts.

* hacer frente a tiempos difíciles = cope with + difficult times.

* hacer frente a una amenaza = address + threat.

* hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.

* hacer frente a una incertidumbre = meet + uncertainty.

* hacer frente a una necesidad = meet + need, serve + need.

* hacer frente a una responsabilidad = meet + responsibility, face up to + responsibility.

* hacer frente a un cambio = meet + change.

* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.

* hacer frente a un problema = attack + problem, combat + problem, wrestle with + problem.

* hacer frente a un reto = rise (up) to + challenge, confront + challenge, meet + challenge, embrace + challenge.

* superarse para hacer frente a Algo = rise to + meet.

* * *

frente¹

feminine

[ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]

forehead, brow ( liter)

arrugó la frente extrañada she gave a puzzled frown, she knitted her brow in puzzlement

tiene la frente despejada or ancha he has a broad forehead

con la frente bien alta or en alto or levantada with one's head held high

frente²

masculine

A

1 (de un edificio) front, facade ( frml)

unos reflectores iluminaban todo el frente the whole facade was lit up by spotlights

pintaron el frente de la casa they painted the front of the house

hacer(le) frente a algo/algn to face up to sth/sb

hay que hacer frente a la realidad you must face up to reality

le hizo frente a la vida por sus propios medios she stood on her own two feet

no puede hacer frente a sus obligaciones he is unable to meet his obligations

2 ( en locs):

al frente: dio un paso al frente she took a step forward, she stepped forward one pace

la Orquesta Sinfónica, con López Morán al frente the Symphony Orchestra, conducted by o under the direction of López Morán

desfilaron llevando al frente el emblema de la paz they marched behind the symbol of peace

vive al frente ( Chi); she lives opposite

cruzó al frente para no saludarme ( Chi); he crossed the road to avoid speaking to me

pasar al frente ( AmL); to come/go up to the front

al frente de: están al frente de la clasificación they are at the top of the table, they lead o head the division

iba al frente de la patrulla he was leading the patrol

puso a su hija al frente de la empresa he put his daughter in charge of the company

de frente: los dos vehículos chocaron de frente the two vehicles crashed head on

una foto de frente a full-face photo

no entra de frente it won't go in front on o frontways

de frente a ( AmL); facing

se puso de frente a la clase she stood facing the class

frente a opposite

viven justo frente a mi casa they live directly opposite me

se detuvo frente al museo he stopped in front of o opposite the museum

el hotel está frente al mar the hotel faces the sea

estamos frente a un grave problema we are faced with a serious problem, we have a serious problem on our hands

se tomarán medidas frente al grave problema de la droga measures will be taken to confront the serious drug problem

se mantiene estable frente al dólar it is holding up o remaining stable against the dollar

hay 150, frente a las 120 del año pasado there are 150, compared to o as against 120 last year

frente a frente face to face

cuando estuvimos frente a frente no supimos qué decir when we met face to face we didn't know what to say to each other

le dije frente a frente lo que pensaba de él I told him to his face what I thought of him

frente por frente: la iglesia y el colegio están frente por frente the church and the school are right o directly opposite each other

B

1 ( Meteo) front

2 (en una guerra) front

sin novedad en el frente (fr hecha, hum); all quiet on that front ( colloq hum)

han convertido las aulas en un frente de contiendas políticas they have turned the classrooms into political battlegrounds

un frente de acción contra la droga a campaign to combat drugs

3 ( Pol) (agrupación) front

pertenece al frente de liberación she belongs to the liberation front

hacer (un) frente común to form a united front

* * *

frente sustantivo femenino
forehead, brow (liter);
◊ arrugar la frente to frown

■ sustantivo masculino
1
a) ( de edificio) front, facade (frml);

◊ hacer(le) frente a algo (a la realidad, una responsabilidad) to face up to sth;

(a gastos, obligaciones) to meet sth;
◊ hacerle frente a algn (a enemigo, atacante) to face sb

b) ( en locs)

◊ al frente: dar un paso al frente to take a step forward;

vive al frente (Chi) she lives opposite;
estar al frente de algo ( de una clasificación) to be at the top of sth;

( de una empresa) to be in charge of sth;
◊ de frente ‹ chocar› head on;

una foto de frente a full-face photo;
de frente a (AmL) facing;
frente a opposite;
estamos frente a un grave problema we are faced with a serious problem
2 (Meteo, Mil, Pol) front
frente
I sustantivo masculino
1 front: los soldados se marchan al frente mañana, the soldiers are leaving for the front tomorrow
2 (fachada) front, facade: el frente del hotel da al Paseo del Prado, the front of the hotel faces the Paseo del Prado
II f Anat forehead
♦ Locuciones: hacer frente a algo, to face something, stand up to something
al frente de, at the head of
de frente, (hacia delante) ahead
(frontalmente) head-on
frente a, in front of, opposite
frente a frente, face-to-face
tener dos dedos de frente, to have common sense
' frente' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
arrugarse
- copete
- dedo
- desafiar
- enfrentar
- escrita
- escrito
- fomento
- juramentar
- miliciana
- miliciano
- nacional
- penetrar
- salida
- salido
- saliente
- sudor
- testuz
- valor
- ante
- brecha
- chocar
- dar
- enjugar
- reaccionar
- recurrir
- rozar
- tomar
- tormenta
English:
brow
- collide
- confront
- cushion
- dissenter
- face
- forehead
- front
- head-on
- mop
- music
- off
- opposite
- pucker
- self-conscious
- shortfall
- stand up
- thick
- across
- amenable
- brave
- cover
- forefront
- give
- hard
- head
- lose
- meet
- picket
- present
- stand
- straight
- trickle

* * *

frente

♦ nf

forehead;

arrugar la frente to knit one's brow, to frown;

frente a frente face to face;

Comp

ir con la frente muy alta to hold one's head high

♦ nm

1. [parte delantera] front;

el frente de la casa está pintado de amarillo the front of the house is painted yellow;

que den un paso al frente los voluntarios could the volunteers please step forward?;

su hermano está al frente de la compañía her brother is in charge of the company;

marchaba al frente de los manifestantes she was marching at the front of o leading the demonstration;

el Académico sigue al frente de la liga Académico are still top of the league;
Am
pasar al frente [en clase] to come to the front of the class [to recite a lesson];

de frente [hacia delante] forwards;
[uno contra otro] head-on;
chocaron de frente they collided head-on, they were involved in a head-on collision;

me encontré de frente con él I found myself face to face with him;

abordar un problema de frente to tackle a problem head-on;
Am
de frente a facing;

se puso de frente a la casa he stood facing the house;

hay una panadería en frente there's a baker's opposite;

en frente de mi casa opposite my house;

frente a [enfrente de] opposite;

se encuentra frente a él she's opposite him

2. Mil front;

murió en el frente he died on the front;

hacer o [m5] formar frente común to make common cause

Comp
frente de batalla battlefront
3. Meteo front

Comp
frente cálido warm front;
frente frío cold front

4. [grupo, organización] front

Comp
Frente Amplio = coalition of left-wing Uruguayan political parties;
frente popular popular front;

Frente Sandinista (de Liberación Nacional) Sandinista (National Liberation) Front

5.
hacer frente a algo [enfrentarse a algo] to face up to sth, to tackle sth;

hicieron frente a la situación they faced up to the situation;

hacer frente a un problema to tackle a problem

♦ prep

1 [de cara a]
estamos frente a una revolución científica we are facing a scientific revolution;

frente a la injusticia es necesario actuar we must act to combat injustice;

frente a las duras críticas de la oposición… in the face of harsh criticism from the opposition…

2 [en contraste con]
frente al cielo nublado de ayer, hoy tendremos sol unlike yesterday, when it was cloudy, today it will be sunny;

frente a los habitantes de la costa, los del interior… compared to people who live on the coast, those who live inland…

* * *

frente

I f forehead;

con la frente alta/erguida fig with (one’s) head held high;

lo lleva escrito en la frente fig it’s written all over him

II m

1 MIL, METEO front

2 en locuciones

:

de frente colisión head-on;

de frente al grupo L.Am. facing the group;

foto de frente head and shoulders photograph;

frente a frente fig face to face;

estar al frente de algo head sth, lead sth;

hacer frente a situación face up to; deudas meet, be able to pay;

ponte más al frente move further forward, move closer to the front;

ponerse al frente de la situación fig take charge (of the situation)

III prp

:

frente a opposite;

estar frente a crisis be faced with, be facing

* * *

frente nm

1) : front

al frente de: at the head of

en frente: in front, opposite

2) : facade

3) : front line, sphere of activity

4) : front (in meteorology)

frente frío: cold front

5)

hacer frente a : to face up to, to brave

frente nf

1) : forehead, brow

2)

frente a frente : face to face

* * *

frente n

1. (en meteorología, guerra) front

un frente frío a cold front

2. (de la cara) forehead

tiene la frente amplia he has a high forehead

al frente (hacia delante) forward (al mando) in charge

de frente head on

hacer frente a algo to face up to something

hacer frente a alguien to stand up to somebody [pt. & pp. stood]

Spanish-English dictionary > frente
10 marche

marche [maʀ∫]

1. feminine noun

   a. ( = activité, Sport) walking

• il fait de la marche he goes walking

• chaussures de marche walking shoes

   b. ( = trajet) walk

• faire une longue marche to go for a long walk

• le village est à deux heures de marche d'ici the village is a two-hour walk from here

   c. ( = mouvement) march

• fermer la marche to bring up the rear

• ouvrir la marche to lead the way

   d. ( = fonctionnement) running

• en état de marche in working order

• en bon état de marche in good working order

• assurer la bonne marche d'un service to ensure the smooth running of a service

• marche/arrêt on/off

   e. [d'événements, opérations] course ; [d'histoire, temps, progrès] march

   f. ( = musique) march

   g. (d'escalier) step

• attention à la marche mind (Brit) or watch (US) the step

• sur les marches (de l'escalier) on the stairs ; (de l'escalier extérieur, de l'escabeau) on the steps

   h. ► en marche

• être en marche [personnes, armées] to be on the move ; [moteur] to be running ; [machine] to be on

• se mettre en marche [personne] to get moving ; [machine] to start

• mettre en marche [+ moteur, voiture] to start ; [+ machine] to turn on

• remettre en marche [+ usine, machine] to restart

• ne montez pas dans un véhicule en marche do not board a moving vehicle

• j'ai pris le bus en marche I jumped onto the bus while it was moving

2. compounds

► marche arrière (sur voiture) reverse

• entrer en marche arrière to reverse in

• sortir en marche arrière to reverse out

• faire marche arrière [en voiture] to reverse ; (figurative) to back-pedal ► marche avant forward

► marche blanche peaceful demonstration commemorating victims of violence

► marche forcée (Military) forced march

• l'entreprise se modernise à marche forcée the company is undergoing a rapid modernization programme ► marche nordique Nordic walking

► marche à suivre ( = procédure) correct procedure ; ( = mode d'emploi) directions for use

* * *
maʀʃ
nom féminin

1) (activité, sport) walking; ( trajet) walk

faire de la marche — to go walking

la marche à pied — walking

faire une petite marche — to take a short walk

à 10 minutes de marche — 10 minutes' walk away

ralentir la marche — to walk slower

2) Armée, Politique march

marche de protestation — protest march

soldats en marche — soldiers on the march

fermer la marche — to bring up the rear

ouvrir la marche — to be at the head of the march

3) ( fonctionnement de véhicule) progress

la marche du train a été gênée — the progress of the train was hampered

prendre un bus en marche — to climb aboard a moving bus

dans le sens contraire de la marche — facing backward(s)

4) ( fonctionnement de mécanisme) operation

bonne marche — smooth operation

en état de marche — in working order

mettre en marche — to start [machine, moteur]; to start up [chaudière, réacteur]; to switch on [téléviseur, ordinateur]

se mettre en marche — [appareil, véhicule] to start up

être en marche — [machine, moteur] to be running; [téléviseur, radio] to be on

5) ( fonctionnement d'organisme) running

bonne marche de l'entreprise — smooth running of the company

6) ( déroulement) course

la marche du temps/du progrès — the march of time/of progress

marche à suivre — procedure ( pour faire for doing)

7) Construction, Bâtiment (d'escalier, de train, bus) step

les marches — the stairs

8) Musique march

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- marche arrière

- marche avant

- marche forcée

••

prendre le train en marche — ( par hasard) to join halfway through; ( par intérêt) to climb onto the bandwagon

* * *
maʀʃ nf
1) [escalier] step

Fais attention à la marche! — Mind the step!

monter sur la plus haute marche du podium — to take first place

monter sur la troisième marche du podium — to take third place

2) (= activité, sport) walking

La marche me fait du bien. — Walking does me good.

3) (trajet à pied) walk

La chapelle est à une heure de marche. — The chapel is an hour's walk from here.

se mettre en marche — to set out

Ils se sont mis en marche à l'aube. — They set out at dawn.

4) MILITAIRE march

en avant, marche! — forward, march!

5) MUSIQUE march

une marche militaire — a military march

6) (mouvement)

ouvrir la marche — to lead the way

fermer la marche — to bring up the rear

dans le sens de la marche CHEMINS DE FER — facing the direction of travel

en marche — moving

Ne montez jamais dans un train en marche. — Never try to get into a moving train.

7) (fonctionnement) [machine, appareil] running

être en état de marche — to be in working order

Cette voiture est en parfait état de marche. — This car is in perfect running order.

mettre en marche — to start

Comment est-ce qu'on met la machine à laver en marche? — How do you start the washing machine?

remettre qch en marche — to set sth going again, to start sth going again

garantir la bonne marche de qch — to ensure the smooth running of sth

8) (= progression) [événements, histoire] course

* * *

marche

A nf

1 ⇒ Les jeux et les sports ( déplacement de personne) ( activité) walking; ( trajet) walk; Sport walking; faire de la marche to go walking; la marche à pied walking; faire un peu de marche to do some walking; faire une petite marche to take a short walk; à 10 minutes de marche 10 minutes' walk away; ralentir/accélérer la marche to walk slower/faster; ta marche est trop rapide pour les enfants you're walking too quickly for the children; 10 km marche Sport 10 km walk;

2 Mil, Pol ( déplacement de groupe) march; marche pour la paix/de protestation peace/protest march; soldats en marche soldiers on the march; ils ont organisé une marche devant l'ambassade they organized a march past the embassy; faire marche sur [soldats, manifestants, rebelles] to march on; se mettre en ordre de marche Mil to get in marching formation; en avant, marche! Mil forward march!; fermer la marche to bring up the rear; ouvrir la marche to be at the head of the march;

3 ( fonctionnement de véhicule) progress; la marche du train a été gênée the progress of the train was hampered; en marche moving ( épith); prendre un bus en marche to climb aboard a moving bus; dans le sens contraire de la marche facing backward(s); dans le sens de la marche facing forward(s);

4 ( fonctionnement de mécanisme) operation; bonne marche smooth operation; en état de marche in working order; s'assurer de la bonne marche d'une machine to ensure that a machine is in good working order; mettre en marche to start [machine, moteur]; to start up [chaudière, réacteur]; to switch on [téléviseur, vidéo, ordinateur]; fig to set [sth] in motion [réforme, projet, processus]; la mise en marche du lave-vaisselle est très simple starting the dishwasher is very simple; la mise en marche du réacteur a pris plus d'un an starting up the reactor took over a year; la remise en marche de la chaudière starting the boiler up again; se mettre en marche [appareil, véhicule] to start up; [réveil, sonnerie] to go off; [projet, réforme, plan] to get going; être en marche [machine, moteur] to be running; [téléviseur, radio] to be on;

5 ( fonctionnement d'organisme) running; bonne marche de l'entreprise/expédition smooth running of the company/expedition;

6 ( déroulement) ( d'événements) course; (de récit, d'intrigue) unfolding; la marche du temps/du progrès/de l'histoire the march of time/of progress/of history; marche à suivre procedure (pour faire for doing); la meilleure marche à suivre pour qch the best way of going about sth;

7 Constr (d'escalier, escabeau, de train, bus) step; attention à la marche! mind the step! GB, watch the step!; cirer les marches (de l'escalier) to wax the stairs;

8 Mus march; marche funèbre/nuptiale funeral/wedding march.

B marches nfpl ( limites) marches.

Composés

marche d'angle Constr pie stair; marche arrière Aut reverse; passer la marche arrière to go into reverse; sortir en marche arrière to reverse out; faire marche arrière fig to backpedal; marche avant forward; marche forcée Électrotech override; Mil forced march; mettre en marche forcée to override; modernisation/libéralisation à marche forcée fig accelerated modernization/liberalization; marche palière Constr landing step.

Idiome

prendre le train en marche ( par hasard) to join halfway through; ( par intérêt) to climb onto the bandwagon.

[marʃ] nom féminin

1. [activité, sport] walking

la marche (à pied) walking

la marche en montagne hill walking

elle fait de la marche [comme sport] she goes walking

la frontière n'est qu'à une heure de marche the border is only an hour's walk away

2. [promenade] walk

nous avons fait une marche de 8 km we did an 8 km walk

3. [défilé] march

ouvrir la marche to lead the way

fermer la marche to bring up the rear

marche nuptiale/funèbre/militaire MUSIQUE wedding/funeral/military march

marche silencieuse/de protestation silent/protest march

marche pour la paix peace march

4. MILITAIRE march

en avant, marche! forward, march!

marche forcée forced march

5. [allure] pace, step

il régla sa marche sur celle de l'enfant he adjusted his pace to the child's

ralentir sa marche to slow (down) one's pace

[démarche] walk, gait

sa marche gracieuse her graceful gait

6. [déplacement - d'un train, d'une voiture] running ; [ - d'une étoile] course

dans le sens de la marche facing the engine

dans le sens contraire de la marche (with one's) back to the engine

marche avant/arrière AUTOMOBILE forward/reverse gear

entrer/sortir en marche arrière to reverse in/out, to back in/out

faire marche arrière

a. [conducteur] to reverse, to back up

b. (figuré) to backpedal, to backtrack

en voyant le prix j'ai fait marche arrière when I saw the price I backed out of buying it

7. [fonctionnement - d'une machine] running, working

marche, arrêt on, off

en (bon) état de marche in (good) working order

ne pas ouvrir pendant la marche do not open while the machine is running

[d'une entreprise, d'un service] running, working, functioning

pour assurer la bonne marche de notre coopérative to ensure the smooth running of our co-op

marche à suivre

a. [instructions] directions (for use)

b. [pour des formalités] procedure, form

8. [progression]

la marche du temps the passing ou march (soutenu) of time

la marche des événements the course ou march (soutenu) of events

la révolution est en marche revolution is on the march ou move

9. [degré - d'un escalier] step, stair ; [ - d'un marchepied] step

la première/dernière marche the bottom/top step

descendre/monter les marches to go down/up the stairs

attention à la marche mind the step

10. HISTOIRE & GÉOGRAPHIE march

————————

en marche locution adverbiale

monter/descendre d'un train en marche to get on/off a moving train

je suis descendue du bus en marche I got off the bus while it was still moving

mettre en marche

a. [moteur, véhicule] to start (up)

b. [appareil] to switch ou to turn on (separable)

le four se mettra automatiquement en marche dans une heure the oven will turn ou switch itself on automatically in an hour

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > marche
11 marché

marche [maʀ∫]

1. feminine noun

   a. ( = activité, Sport) walking

• il fait de la marche he goes walking

• chaussures de marche walking shoes

   b. ( = trajet) walk

• faire une longue marche to go for a long walk

• le village est à deux heures de marche d'ici the village is a two-hour walk from here

   c. ( = mouvement) march

• fermer la marche to bring up the rear

• ouvrir la marche to lead the way

   d. ( = fonctionnement) running

• en état de marche in working order

• en bon état de marche in good working order

• assurer la bonne marche d'un service to ensure the smooth running of a service

• marche/arrêt on/off

   e. [d'événements, opérations] course ; [d'histoire, temps, progrès] march

   f. ( = musique) march

   g. (d'escalier) step

• attention à la marche mind (Brit) or watch (US) the step

• sur les marches (de l'escalier) on the stairs ; (de l'escalier extérieur, de l'escabeau) on the steps

   h. ► en marche

• être en marche [personnes, armées] to be on the move ; [moteur] to be running ; [machine] to be on

• se mettre en marche [personne] to get moving ; [machine] to start

• mettre en marche [+ moteur, voiture] to start ; [+ machine] to turn on

• remettre en marche [+ usine, machine] to restart

• ne montez pas dans un véhicule en marche do not board a moving vehicle

• j'ai pris le bus en marche I jumped onto the bus while it was moving

2. compounds

► marche arrière (sur voiture) reverse

• entrer en marche arrière to reverse in

• sortir en marche arrière to reverse out

• faire marche arrière [en voiture] to reverse ; (figurative) to back-pedal ► marche avant forward

► marche blanche peaceful demonstration commemorating victims of violence

► marche forcée (Military) forced march

• l'entreprise se modernise à marche forcée the company is undergoing a rapid modernization programme ► marche nordique Nordic walking

► marche à suivre ( = procédure) correct procedure ; ( = mode d'emploi) directions for use

* * *
maʀʃ
nom féminin

1) (activité, sport) walking; ( trajet) walk

faire de la marche — to go walking

la marche à pied — walking

faire une petite marche — to take a short walk

à 10 minutes de marche — 10 minutes' walk away

ralentir la marche — to walk slower

2) Armée, Politique march

marche de protestation — protest march

soldats en marche — soldiers on the march

fermer la marche — to bring up the rear

ouvrir la marche — to be at the head of the march

3) ( fonctionnement de véhicule) progress

la marche du train a été gênée — the progress of the train was hampered

prendre un bus en marche — to climb aboard a moving bus

dans le sens contraire de la marche — facing backward(s)

4) ( fonctionnement de mécanisme) operation

bonne marche — smooth operation

en état de marche — in working order

mettre en marche — to start [machine, moteur]; to start up [chaudière, réacteur]; to switch on [téléviseur, ordinateur]

se mettre en marche — [appareil, véhicule] to start up

être en marche — [machine, moteur] to be running; [téléviseur, radio] to be on

5) ( fonctionnement d'organisme) running

bonne marche de l'entreprise — smooth running of the company

6) ( déroulement) course

la marche du temps/du progrès — the march of time/of progress

marche à suivre — procedure ( pour faire for doing)

7) Construction, Bâtiment (d'escalier, de train, bus) step

les marches — the stairs

8) Musique march

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- marche arrière

- marche avant

- marche forcée

••

prendre le train en marche — ( par hasard) to join halfway through; ( par intérêt) to climb onto the bandwagon

* * *
maʀʃ nf
1) [escalier] step

Fais attention à la marche! — Mind the step!

monter sur la plus haute marche du podium — to take first place

monter sur la troisième marche du podium — to take third place

2) (= activité, sport) walking

La marche me fait du bien. — Walking does me good.

3) (trajet à pied) walk

La chapelle est à une heure de marche. — The chapel is an hour's walk from here.

se mettre en marche — to set out

Ils se sont mis en marche à l'aube. — They set out at dawn.

4) MILITAIRE march

en avant, marche! — forward, march!

5) MUSIQUE march

une marche militaire — a military march

6) (mouvement)

ouvrir la marche — to lead the way

fermer la marche — to bring up the rear

dans le sens de la marche CHEMINS DE FER — facing the direction of travel

en marche — moving

Ne montez jamais dans un train en marche. — Never try to get into a moving train.

7) (fonctionnement) [machine, appareil] running

être en état de marche — to be in working order

Cette voiture est en parfait état de marche. — This car is in perfect running order.

mettre en marche — to start

Comment est-ce qu'on met la machine à laver en marche? — How do you start the washing machine?

remettre qch en marche — to set sth going again, to start sth going again

garantir la bonne marche de qch — to ensure the smooth running of sth

8) (= progression) [événements, histoire] course

* * *

marche

A nf

1 ⇒ Les jeux et les sports ( déplacement de personne) ( activité) walking; ( trajet) walk; Sport walking; faire de la marche to go walking; la marche à pied walking; faire un peu de marche to do some walking; faire une petite marche to take a short walk; à 10 minutes de marche 10 minutes' walk away; ralentir/accélérer la marche to walk slower/faster; ta marche est trop rapide pour les enfants you're walking too quickly for the children; 10 km marche Sport 10 km walk;

2 Mil, Pol ( déplacement de groupe) march; marche pour la paix/de protestation peace/protest march; soldats en marche soldiers on the march; ils ont organisé une marche devant l'ambassade they organized a march past the embassy; faire marche sur [soldats, manifestants, rebelles] to march on; se mettre en ordre de marche Mil to get in marching formation; en avant, marche! Mil forward march!; fermer la marche to bring up the rear; ouvrir la marche to be at the head of the march;

3 ( fonctionnement de véhicule) progress; la marche du train a été gênée the progress of the train was hampered; en marche moving ( épith); prendre un bus en marche to climb aboard a moving bus; dans le sens contraire de la marche facing backward(s); dans le sens de la marche facing forward(s);

4 ( fonctionnement de mécanisme) operation; bonne marche smooth operation; en état de marche in working order; s'assurer de la bonne marche d'une machine to ensure that a machine is in good working order; mettre en marche to start [machine, moteur]; to start up [chaudière, réacteur]; to switch on [téléviseur, vidéo, ordinateur]; fig to set [sth] in motion [réforme, projet, processus]; la mise en marche du lave-vaisselle est très simple starting the dishwasher is very simple; la mise en marche du réacteur a pris plus d'un an starting up the reactor took over a year; la remise en marche de la chaudière starting the boiler up again; se mettre en marche [appareil, véhicule] to start up; [réveil, sonnerie] to go off; [projet, réforme, plan] to get going; être en marche [machine, moteur] to be running; [téléviseur, radio] to be on;

5 ( fonctionnement d'organisme) running; bonne marche de l'entreprise/expédition smooth running of the company/expedition;

6 ( déroulement) ( d'événements) course; (de récit, d'intrigue) unfolding; la marche du temps/du progrès/de l'histoire the march of time/of progress/of history; marche à suivre procedure (pour faire for doing); la meilleure marche à suivre pour qch the best way of going about sth;

7 Constr (d'escalier, escabeau, de train, bus) step; attention à la marche! mind the step! GB, watch the step!; cirer les marches (de l'escalier) to wax the stairs;

8 Mus march; marche funèbre/nuptiale funeral/wedding march.

B marches nfpl ( limites) marches.

Composés

marche d'angle Constr pie stair; marche arrière Aut reverse; passer la marche arrière to go into reverse; sortir en marche arrière to reverse out; faire marche arrière fig to backpedal; marche avant forward; marche forcée Électrotech override; Mil forced march; mettre en marche forcée to override; modernisation/libéralisation à marche forcée fig accelerated modernization/liberalization; marche palière Constr landing step.

Idiome

prendre le train en marche ( par hasard) to join halfway through; ( par intérêt) to climb onto the bandwagon.

I

[marʃe] nom masculin

SPORT travelling

II

[marʃe] nom masculin

1. [en ville] market

aller au marché to go to the market

je l'ai acheté au marché I bought it at the market

faire les marchés [commerçant] to go round ou to do the markets

marché aux poissons/bestiaux fish/cattle market

marché couvert covered market

marché en plein air open-air market

marché d'intérêt national wholesale market for agricultural produce

marché aux puces flea market

[ce que l'on achète]

faire son marché to go (grocery) shopping

2. COMMERCE & ÉCONOMIE market

marché du travail labour market

marché extérieur/intérieur foreign/home market, overseas/domestic market

mettre un produit sur le marché to launch a product

le vaccin n'est pas encore sur le marché the vaccine is not yet (available) on the market

il n'y a pas de marché pour ce type d'habitation there is no market for this type of housing

le Marché commun the Common Market

marché libre free market

marché noir black market

faire du marché noir to deal on the black market

le Marché unique (européen) the Single (European) Market

le Grand Marché (européen) the European Market

étude/économie de marché market research/economy

3. BOURSE market

marché d'actions stock market

marché des capitaux capital market

marché des changes foreign exchange market

marché au comptant spot market

marché du crédit credit market

marché financier capital ou financial market

marché obligataire bond market

marché secondaire resale market

marché des titres stock market

4. [accord] deal, transaction

conclure ou passer un marché avec quelqu'un to make a deal with somebody

marché conclu! it's a deal!, that's settled!

c'est un marché de dupes it's a con

5. (locution)

par-dessus le marché (familier) into the bargain, what's more

————————

à bon marché locution adverbiale

cheaply

fabriqué à bon marché cheaply-made

je l'ai eu à bon marché I got it cheap

————————

bon marché locution adjectivale

cheap, inexpensive

————————

bon marché locution adverbiale

il a fait bon marché de mes conseils he took no notice of my advice

————————

meilleur marché locution adjectivale invariable

cheaper

je l'ai eu meilleur marché à Paris I got it cheaper in Paris

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > marché
12 vorwärts

Adv. forward, forwards; vorwärts! let’s go!; ein großer Schritt vorwärts a big step forward; etw. vorwärts und rückwärts aufsagen können be able to say s.th. backwards; weder vorwärts noch zurück können not be able to go forwards or backwards; Rolle / Salto vorwärts forward roll / somersault; vorwärts blättern EDV scroll forwards; vorwärts bringen fig. further, promote; (auch Person) help s.o. oder s.th. on ( bei in); (Projekt etc.) advance; vorwärts gehen fig. advance, progress; (sich bessern) improve; mit seiner Gesundheit etc. geht es vorwärts his health etc. is looking up; vorwärts kommen make headway (auch fig.); fig., auch im Leben: get ahead, get on, get somewhere; ich komme nicht vorwärts fig. I’m not getting anywhere, I’m treading water; vorankommen; vorwärts schreiten move forward, stride ahead

* * *

ahead; forwards; forward; forth; forrader; onward; along

* * *
vor|wärts ['foːɐvɛrts]
adv
forwards, forward
vórwärts! (inf) — let's go (inf); (Mil) forward march!

weiter vórwärts — further ahead or on

vórwärts und rückwärts — backwards and forwards

etw vórwärts und rückwärts kennen (fig inf) — to know sth backwards (Brit), to know sth backwards and forwards (US), to know sth inside out

Rolle/Salto vórwärts — forward roll/somersault

* * *

1) ((also forwards) moving towards the front: A pendulum swings backward(s) and forward(s).) forward

2) (moving forward (in place or time): They marched onward(s).) onward(s)

* * *

vor·wärts

[ˈfo:ɐ̯vɛrts]

adv forward

\vorwärts! onwards! [ or esp AM onward!], move!; s.a. Schritt

* * *

Adverb forwards; (weiter) onwards; (mit der Vorderseite voran) facing forwards

ein Schritt vorwärts — (auch fig.) a step forwards

ein Salto vorwärts — a forward somersault

vorwärts kommen — make progress; (im Beruf, Leben) get on; get ahead

* * *

vorwärts adv forward, forwards;

vorwärts! let’s go!;

ein großer Schritt vorwärts a big step forward;

etwas vorwärts und rückwärts aufsagen können be able to say sth backwards;

weder vorwärts noch zurück können not be able to go forwards or backwards;

Rolle/Salto vorwärts forward roll/somersault

* * *

Adverb forwards; (weiter) onwards; (mit der Vorderseite voran) facing forwards

ein Schritt vorwärts — (auch fig.) a step forwards

ein Salto vorwärts — a forward somersault

vorwärts kommen — make progress; (im Beruf, Leben) get on; get ahead

* * *

adj.

forward adj.

onward adj. adv.

ahead adv.

along adv.

forwards adv.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > vorwärts
13 hacia

prep.

1 toward.

hacia aquí/allí this/that way

hacia abajo downwards

hacia arriba upward

hacia adelante forward

hacia atrás backward

hacia la izquierda/derecha to the left/right

2 around, about (time).

hacia las diez around o about ten o'clock

empezó a perder la vista hacia los sesenta años he started to lose his sight at around the age of sixty

hacia finales de año toward the end of the year

Hacia la medianoche.. Around midnight....

3 toward (sentimiento).

siente hostilidad hacia las reformas he is hostile toward the reforms

4 toward (tendencia).

un paso más hacia la guerra civil a further step toward civil war

* * *

hacia

► preposición

1 (dirección) towards, to

■ hacia la inmortalidad towards immortality

2 (tiempo) at about, at around

■ estaremos ahí hacia las dos we'll be there at about two

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

hacia abajo downward(s), down

■ empújalo hacia abajo push it downwards

hacia acá this way

hacia adelante forward(s)

■ inclínate hacia delante lean forward

hacia allá that way

hacia atrás backward(s), back

hacia casa home, homeward, towards home

* * *

prep.

1) towards, toward

2) near, about

•

- hacia abajo
- hacia adelante
- hacia arriba

- hacia atrás

- hacia dentro

* * *

PREP

1) [indicando dirección] towards, in the direction of

ir hacia las montañas — to go towards the mountains

eso está más hacia el este — that's further (over) to the east, that's more in an easterly direction

vamos hacia allá — let's go in that direction, let's go over that way

¿hacia dónde vamos? — where are we going?

hacia abajo — down, downwards

hacia adelante — forwards

hacia arriba — up, upwards

hacia atrás — backwards

2) [con expresiones temporales] about, near

hacia las cinco — about five, around five

hacia mediodía — about noon, around noon

3) (=ante) towards

su hostilidad hacia la empresa — his hostility towards the firm

* * *

preposición

a) ( indicando dirección) toward, towards

[el inglés norteamericano prefiere la forma toward mientras que el inglés británico prefiere la forma towards]

hacia el sur — southward(s), toward(s) the south

hacia adentro — inward(s)

el centro queda hacia allá — the center is (over) that way

¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? — which way do we have to go?

empujar hacia arriba/atrás — to push upward(s)/backward(s)

b) ( indicando aproximación) toward(s)

[ ver nota en la sección a]

llegaremos hacia las dos — we'll arrive towards o at around two

c) ( con respecto a) toward(s)

su actitud hacia mí — his attitude toward(s) o to me

* * *

= in the direction of, into, toward(s).

Ex. Efforts are being made in the direction of an international consensus on the definition and treatment of corporate authorship.

Ex. And thirdly and most importantly, I am concerned about some movements which I think symptomatize ideological deterioration and would have us, as someone put it, march boldly backwards into the future.

Ex. An appreciation of alternative approaches is particularly important in this field where trends towards standardisation are the norm.

----

* dar un paso hacia delante = step up.

* de dentro hacia fuera = inside outwards.

* de miras hacia el exterior = outward looking.

* de miras hacia fuera = outwardly.

* desde hace mucho tiempo = for a long time.

* desplazar hacia la derecha = inset.

* desplazarse hacia arriba = move up.

* desplazarse hacia atrás = draw back, move + backwards.

* directamente hacia el este = due east.

* directamente hacia el norte = due north.

* directamente hacia el oeste = due west.

* directamente hacia el sur = due south.

* enumerar hacia atrás = list + backwards.

* enumerar hacia delante = list + forwards.

* hacia abajo = downward.

* hacia adelante = onward(s), straight ahead, straight on.

* hacia adelante y hacia atrás = to and fro.

* hacia arriba = upwards, upward.

* hacia arriba y hacia abajo = up and down, up and down.

* hacia atrás = backwards, backward(s).

* hacia dentro = inward.

* ¿hacia dónde se dirige(n)...? = whither?.

* ¿hacia dónde va(n)...? = whither?, whither?.

* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.

* hacia el este = eastward(s), eastbound.

* hacia el frente = ahead.

* hacia el futuro = onward(s).

* hacia el interior y el exterior de = in and out of.

* hacia el norte = northbound.

* hacia el oeste = westward(s), westbound.

* hacia el sur = southward(s), southbound.

* hacia finales del + Siglo = later + Siglo, the.

* hacia fuera = outwards.

* hacia la izquierda = leftwards, leftward.

* hacia la proa = abaft.

* hacia proa = abaft.

* hacia un lado(s) = sideways.

* inclinarse hacia delante = tip forward.

* mirando hacia atrás = in retrospect.

* moverse hacia atrás y hacia delante = move back and forth, move back and forth.

* tambalearse hacia delante y hacia atrás = wobble back and forth, wobble back and forth.

* tecla de desplazamiento hacia abajo = ↓ (Down) key, down arrow key.

* tecla de desplazamiento hacia arriba = ↑ (up) key, up arrow key.

* viajar hacia atrás en el tiempo = travel back in + time.

* * *

preposición

a) ( indicando dirección) toward, towards

[el inglés norteamericano prefiere la forma toward mientras que el inglés británico prefiere la forma towards]

hacia el sur — southward(s), toward(s) the south

hacia adentro — inward(s)

el centro queda hacia allá — the center is (over) that way

¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? — which way do we have to go?

empujar hacia arriba/atrás — to push upward(s)/backward(s)

b) ( indicando aproximación) toward(s)

[ ver nota en la sección a]

llegaremos hacia las dos — we'll arrive towards o at around two

c) ( con respecto a) toward(s)

su actitud hacia mí — his attitude toward(s) o to me

* * *

= in the direction of, into, toward(s).

Ex: Efforts are being made in the direction of an international consensus on the definition and treatment of corporate authorship.

Ex: And thirdly and most importantly, I am concerned about some movements which I think symptomatize ideological deterioration and would have us, as someone put it, march boldly backwards into the future.

Ex: An appreciation of alternative approaches is particularly important in this field where trends towards standardisation are the norm.

* dar un paso hacia delante = step up.

* de dentro hacia fuera = inside outwards.

* de miras hacia el exterior = outward looking.

* de miras hacia fuera = outwardly.

* desde hace mucho tiempo = for a long time.

* desplazar hacia la derecha = inset.

* desplazarse hacia arriba = move up.

* desplazarse hacia atrás = draw back, move + backwards.

* directamente hacia el este = due east.

* directamente hacia el norte = due north.

* directamente hacia el oeste = due west.

* directamente hacia el sur = due south.

* enumerar hacia atrás = list + backwards.

* enumerar hacia delante = list + forwards.

* hacia abajo = downward.

* hacia adelante = onward(s), straight ahead, straight on.

* hacia adelante y hacia atrás = to and fro.

* hacia arriba = upwards, upward.

* hacia arriba y hacia abajo = up and down, up and down.

* hacia atrás = backwards, backward(s).

* hacia dentro = inward.

* ¿hacia dónde se dirige(n)...? = whither?.

* ¿hacia dónde va(n)...? = whither?, whither?.

* hacia el centro de la ciudad = townward.

* hacia el este = eastward(s), eastbound.

* hacia el frente = ahead.

* hacia el futuro = onward(s).

* hacia el interior y el exterior de = in and out of.

* hacia el norte = northbound.

* hacia el oeste = westward(s), westbound.

* hacia el sur = southward(s), southbound.

* hacia finales del + Siglo = later + Siglo, the.

* hacia fuera = outwards.

* hacia la izquierda = leftwards, leftward.

* hacia la proa = abaft.

* hacia proa = abaft.

* hacia un lado(s) = sideways.

* inclinarse hacia delante = tip forward.

* mirando hacia atrás = in retrospect.

* moverse hacia atrás y hacia delante = move back and forth, move back and forth.

* tambalearse hacia delante y hacia atrás = wobble back and forth, wobble back and forth.

* tecla de desplazamiento hacia abajo = ↓ (Down) key, down arrow key.

* tecla de desplazamiento hacia arriba = ↑ (up) key, up arrow key.

* viajar hacia atrás en el tiempo = travel back in + time.

* * *

hacia

prep

1

(indicando dirección) toward, towards [ el inglés norteamericano prefiere la forma

toward

(y otras formas adverbiales tales como

southward

,

upward

mientras que el inglés británico prefiere las formas

towards

etc] se dirigían hacia el sur they were heading south o southward(s) o toward(s) the south

la puerta se abre hacia adentro the door opens inward(s)

el país avanza hacia la democracia the country is moving toward(s) democracy

la fuga de capitales hacia el exterior the flight of capital abroad

el centro queda hacia allá the center is (over) that way

¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? which way do we have to go?

un movimiento hacia arriba/atrás an upward/backward movement

empujar hacia arriba/atrás to push upward(s)/backward(s)

2

(indicando aproximación) toward(s) [ ver nota en la sección a] hacia finales de siglo/el final del primer acto toward(s) the end of the century/of the first act

hacia el límite con el Brasil toward(s) the Brazilian border

llegaremos hacia las dos we'll arrive (at) about two

esto sucedió hacia las nueve de la mañana this occurred at approximately o toward(s) nine in the morning

3 (con respecto a) toward(s)

su actitud hacia mí his attitude toward(s) o to me

* * *

Del verbo hacer: ( conjugate hacer)

hacía es:

1ª persona singular (yo) imperfecto indicativo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperfecto indicativo

Multiple Entries:
hacer
hacia
hacer ( conjugate hacer) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( crear) ‹mueble/vestido› to make;

‹casa/carretera› to build;
‹ nido› to build, make;
‹ túnel› to make, dig;
‹dibujo/plano› to do, draw;
‹ lista› to make, draw up;
‹ resumen› to do, make;
‹ película› to make;
‹nudo/lazo› to tie;
‹pan/pastel› to make, bake;
‹vino/café/tortilla› to make;
‹ cerveza› to make, brew;
◊ me hizo un lugar en la mesa he made room for me at the table;

hacen buena pareja they make a lovely couple
b) (producir, causar) ‹ ruido› to make;

◊ los chistes no me hacen gracia I don't find jokes funny;

estos zapatos me hacen daño these shoes hurt my feet
2
a) (efectuar, llevar a cabo) ‹ sacrificio› to make;

‹ milagro› to work, perform;
‹deberes/ejercicios/limpieza› to do;
‹ mandado› to run;
‹transacción/investigación› to carry out;
‹ experimento› to do, perform;
‹ entrevista› to conduct;
‹gira/viaje› to do;
‹ regalo› to give;
‹ favor› to do;
‹ trato› to make;
◊ me hicieron una visita they paid me a visit;

aún queda mucho por hacia there is still a lot (left) to do;
dar que hacia to make a lot of work
b) ‹cheque/factura› to make out, write out

3 (formular, expresar) ‹declaración/promesa/oferta› to make;
‹proyecto/plan› to make, draw up;
‹crítica/comentario› to make, voice;
‹ pregunta› to ask;
◊ nadie hizo ninguna objeción nobody raised any objections

4
a) ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas):

◊ hacia caca (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq);

hacia pis or pipí (fam) to have a pee (colloq);
hacia sus necesidades (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)
b) ( refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to go;

◊ las vacas hacen `mu' cows go `moo'

5 ( adquirir) ‹dinero/fortuna› to make;
‹ amigo› to make
6 (preparar, arreglar) ‹ cama› to make;
‹ maleta› to pack;
◊ hice el pescado al horno I did o cooked the fish in the oven;

tengo que hacia la comida I must make lunch;
ver tb comida b
7 ( recorrer) ‹trayecto/distancia› to do, cover
8 (en cálculos, enumeraciones):
◊ son 180 … y 320 hacen 500 that's 180 … and 320 is o makes 500

1
a) ( ocuparse en actividad) to do;

◊ hacia la(s) compra(s) to do the shopping;

¿hacemos algo esta noche? shall we do something tonight?;
hacia ejercicio to do (some) exercise;
¿hace algún deporte? do you play o do any sports?;
See Also→ amor 1b
b) (como profesión, ocupación) to do;

◊ ¿qué hace tu padre? what does your father do?

c) ( estudiar) to do

2 (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to do;
◊ ¡eso no se hace! you shouldn't do that!;

¡qué le vamos a hacia! what can you o (frml) one do?;
toca bien el piano — antes lo hacía mejor she plays the piano well — she used to play better;
haciala buena (fam): ¡ahora sí que la hice! now I've really done it!;
See Also→ tonto sustantivo masculino, femenino
1 (transformar en, volver) to make;
◊ ella lo hizo posible she made it possible;

hizo pedazos la carta she tore the letter into tiny pieces;
ese vestido te hace más delgada that dress makes you look thinner;
hacia algo de algo to turn sth into sth;
quiero hacia de ti un gran actor I want to make a great actor of you
2
a) (obligar a, ser causa de que)

◊ hacia a algn hacer algo to make sb do sth;

me hizo abrirla he made me open it;
me hizo llorar it made me cry;
hágalo pasar tell him to come in;
me hizo esperar tres horas she kept me waiting for three hours;
hacia que algo/algn haga algo to make sth/sb do sth
b)

◊ hacer hacer algo to have o get sth done/made;

hice acortar las cortinas I had o got the curtains shortened
verbo intransitivo
1 (obrar, actuar):
◊ déjame hacia a mí just let me handle this o take care of this;

¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? what do you have to do to get the scholarship?;
hiciste bien en decírmelo you did o were right to tell me;
haces mal en mentir it's wrong of you to lie
2 (fingir, simular):
◊ hice como que no oía I pretended not to hear;

haz como si no lo conocieras act as if o pretend you don't know him
3 ( servir):
◊ esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning;

la escuela hizo de hospital the school served as o was used as a hospital
4 ( interpretar personaje) hacia de algo/algn to play (the part of) sth/sb
(+ compl) ( sentar):
◊ tanto sol hace mal (AmL) too much sun is not good for you;

(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ el descanso le hizo bien the rest did him good;

la trucha me hizo mal (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me
hacia v impers
1 ( refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico):
◊ hace frío/sol it's cold/sunny;

hace tres grados it's three degrees;
(nos) hizo un tiempo espantoso the weather was terrible
2 ( expresando tiempo transcurrido):
◊ hace dos años que murió he's been dead for two years;

hace mucho que lo conozco I've known him for a long time;
hacía años que no lo veía I hadn't seen him for o in years;
¿cuánto hace que se fue? how long ago did she leave?;
hace poco/un año a short time/a year ago;
hasta hace poco until recently
hacerse verbo pronominal
1 ( producirse) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ se me hizo un nudo en el hilo I got a knot in the thread;

se le hizo una ampolla she got a blister;
hacérsele algo a algn (Méx): por fin se le hizo ganar el premio she finally got to win the award
2
a) ( refl) ( hacer para sí) ‹café/falda› to make oneself;

◊ se hicieron una casita they built themselves a little house

b) ( caus) ( hacer que otro haga):

◊ se hicieron una casita they had a little house built;

se hizo la cirugía estética she had plastic surgery
3 ( causarse):
◊ ¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? what did you do to your arm?;

¿te hiciste daño? did you hurt yourself?
4 ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas):
◊ todavía se hace pis/caca (fam) she still wets/messes herself

5 ( refl) ( adquirir) to make;
◊ haciase un nombre to make a name for oneself

1
a) (volverse, convertirse en) to become;

◊ se hicieron amigos they became friends;

se están haciendo viejos they are getting o growing old
b) ( resultar):

◊ se hace muy pesado it gets very boring;

(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ se me hizo interminable it seemed interminable;

se me hace difícil creerlo I find it very hard to believe
c) ( impers):

◊ se hace de noche muy pronto it gets dark very early;

se está haciendo tarde it's getting late
d) ( cocinarse) [pescado/guiso] to cook

e) (AmL) ( pasarle a):

◊ ¿qué se habrá hecho María? what can have happened to María?

2 ( acostumbrarse) haciase a algo to get used to sth
3 ( fingirse):
◊ no te hagas el inocente don't act the innocent;

¿es bobo o se (lo) hace? (fam) is he stupid or just a good actor? (colloq);
haciase pasar por algn (por periodista, doctor) to pass oneself off as sb
4 ( moverse) (+ compl) to move;
◊ haciase a un lado to move to one side

5
◊ hacerse de (AmL) (de fortuna, dinero) to get;

( de amigos) to make
hacia preposición
a) ( dirección) toward (esp AmE), towards (esp BrE):

◊ hacia el sur southward(s), toward(s) the south;

hacia adelante forward(s);
hacia adentro/arriba inward(s)/upward(s);
el centro queda hacia allá the center is (over) that way;
¿hacia dónde tenemos que ir? which way do we have to go?
b) ( aproximación) toward(s);

◊ llegaremos hacia las dos we'll arrive toward(s) o at around two

c) ( con respecto a) toward(s);

◊ su actitud hacia mí his attitude toward(s) o to me

hacer
I verbo transitivo
1 (crear, fabricar, construir) to make
hacer un jersey, to make a sweater
hacer un puente, to build a bridge
2 (una acción) to do: eso no se hace, it isn't done
haz lo que quieras, do what you want
¿qué estás haciendo?, (en este momento) what are you doing?
(para vivir) what do you do (for a living)?
hace atletismo, he does athletics
hacer una carrera/ medicina, to do a degree/ medicine
3 (amigos, dinero) to make
4 (obligar, forzar) to make: hazle entrar en razón, make him see reason
5 (causar, provocar) to make: ese hombre me hace reír, that man makes me laugh
estos zapatos me hacen daño, these shoes are hurting me
no hagas llorar a tu hermana, don't make your sister cry
6 (arreglar) to make
hacer la cama, to make the bed
hacer la casa, to do the housework
7 Mat (sumar, dar como resultado) to make: y con éste hacen cincuenta, and that makes fifty
8 (producir una impresión) to make... look: ese vestido la hace mayor, that dress makes her look older
9 (en sustitución de otro verbo) to do: cuido mi jardín, me gusta hacerlo, I look after my garden, I like doing it
10 (representar) to play: Juan hizo un papel en Fuenteovejuna, Juan played a part in Fuenteovejuna
11 (actuar como) to play: no hagas el tonto, don't play the fool
12 (suponer) te hacía en casa, I thought you were at home
II verbo intransitivo
1 (en el teatro, etc) to play: hizo de Electra, she played Electra
2 ( hacer por + infinitivo) to try to: hice por ayudar, I tried to help
3 (simular) to pretend: hice como si no lo conociera, I acted as if I didn't know him
4 fam (venir bien, convenir) to be suitable: si te hace, nos vamos a verle mañana, if it's all right for you, we'll visit him tomorrow
III verbo impersonal
1 (tiempo transcurrido) ago: hace mucho (tiempo), a long time ago
hace tres semanas que no veo la televisión, I haven't watched TV for three weeks
hace tres años que comenzaron las obras, the building works started three years ago
2 (condición atmosférica) hacía mucho frío, it was very cold
¿To make o to do?
El significado básico del verbo to make es construir, fabricar algo juntando los componentes (aquí hacen unos pasteles maravillosos, they make marvellous cakes here), obligar (hazle callar, make him shut up) o convertir: Te hará más fuerte. It'll make you stronger. También se emplea en expresiones compuestas por palabras tales como dinero ( money), ruido ( a noise), cama ( the bed), esfuerzo ( an effort), promesa ( a promise), c omentario ( a comment), amor ( love), guerra ( war).
El significado del verbo to do es cumplir o ejecutar una tarea o actividad, especialmente tratándose de los deportes y las tareas domésticas: Hago mis deberes por la noche. I do my homework in the evening. ¿Quién hace la plancha en tu casa? Who does the ironing in your house? También se emplea con palabras tales como deber ( duty), deportes ( sports), examen ( an exam), favor ( a favour), sumas ( sums).
hacia preposición
1 (en dirección a) towards, to
hacia abajo, down, downwards
hacia adelante, forwards
hacia arriba, up, upwards
hacia atrás, back, backwards
2 (en torno a) at about, at around: estaré allí hacia las cinco, I'll be there at about five o'clock
' hacia' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abajo
- abalanzarse
- aire
- añales
- animadversión
- arriba
- atrás
- calor
- contingente
- correrse
- delante
- derivar
- descender
- desprecio
- dirigir
- dirigirse
- empañar
- empujar
- encaminarse
- enfilar
- fogosidad
- frente
- fuera
- hacer
- infundio
- invencible
- llevar
- malsana
- malsano
- monetaria
- monetario
- orientar
- orientarse
- proyectar
- que
- recta
- recto
- retroceder
- saber
- siglo
- sobre
- subir
- sur
- tambalearse
- tirar
- volver
- volverse
- abatible
- adelante
- boca
English:
ahead
- aim
- antagonism
- antipathy
- ashore
- at
- back
- backward
- backwards
- beat down
- beeline
- bent
- bias
- boost
- care for
- come forward
- cool
- crowd
- cruelty
- curve
- deflect
- disdain
- dislike
- dispose
- disregard
- doubtless
- down
- downstairs
- downward
- downwards
- due
- East
- eastward
- eastwards
- extend
- face
- facing
- fast forward
- flash
- flippant
- floodlight
- for
- forward
- glance down
- go
- guise
- head
- home in
- ill-disposed
- incline

* * *

hacia prep

1. [dirección] towards;

hacia aquí/allí this/that way;

hacia abajo downwards;

hacia arriba upwards;

hacia adelante forwards;

hacia atrás backwards;

hacia la izquierda/derecha to the left/right;

viajar hacia el norte to travel north;

hacia el norte del país towards the north of the country;

miró hacia el otro lado she looked the other way;

muévete hacia un lado move to one side

2. [tiempo] around, about;

hacia las diez around o about ten o'clock;

empezó a perder la vista hacia los sesenta años he started to lose his sight at around the age of sixty;

hacia finales de año towards the end of the year

3. [sentimiento] towards;

siente hostilidad hacia las reformas he is hostile towards the reforms;

su actitud hacia el trabajo es muy seria she has a very serious attitude towards her work, she takes her work very seriously

4. [tendencia] towards;

este año se marcha hacia una cosecha excepcional we are heading for a bumper crop this year;

un paso más hacia la guerra civil a further step towards civil war

* * *

hacia

prp

1 en el espacio toward;

hacia adelante forward;

hacia abajo down;

hacia arriba up;

hacia atrás back(ward);

hacia aquí in this direction, this way

2 en el tiempo

:

hacia las cuatro about four (o’clock)

* * *

hacia prep

1) : toward, towards

hacia abajo: downward

hacia adelante: forward

2) : near, around, about

hacia las seis: about six o'clock

* * *

hacia prep

1. (dirección) towards

ven hacia mí come towards me

vamos hacia casa we're going home

2. (tiempo) at about

llegaré hacia las ocho I'll be there at about eight

hacia abajo down

hacia adelante forwards

hacia arriba up

hacia atrás backwards

Spanish-English dictionary > hacia
14 prz|ód

m (G przodu, L przodzie a. przedzie) 1. (przednia część) front
- przód koszuli/samochodu the front of a shirt/car

- sukienka zapina się z przodu the dress buttons down the front a. up at the front

- mieć plamę z przodu a. na przodzie to have a stain on the front

- usiąść z przodu (w samochodzie) to sit in the front; (w teatrze, w klasie) to sit at the front

- miejsce z przodu a. na przodzie autobusu a seat at the front of a bus

- iść na przodzie a. przedzie pochodu to walk at the head of a procession

- oficer jechał konno na przodzie a. przedzie the officer rode in front on horseback

- kot cały przód miał biały the cat had a white front

- zdjęcie z przodu a head-on photograph

- miał złoty ząb na przodzie he had a gold tooth at the front

- stać/siedzieć przodem do kogoś to stand/sit facing sb

- siedzieć przodem do kierunku jazdy to have a seat facing forward

- włożyć coś tyłem na przód to put sth on back to front
2. (przestrzeń przed czymś) z przodu budynku in front of the building
- na przód a. do przodu forward

- przepychać się do przodu to push to the front

- pochylić się do przodu a. ku przodowi to lean forward

- zrobić krok w przód a. do przodu to take a step forward także przen.

- kołysać się w przód i w tył to rock to and fro

- podejść do kogoś z przodu to approach sb from the front

- pójść przodem to go on ahead

- wysłać kogoś przodem to send sb on ahead

- przepuścić kogoś przodem to let sb in front of one

- parł uparcie do przodu przen. he stubbornly pressed ahead

- posunąć sprawę do przodu pot. to take an issue forward

- pchnąć naukę do przodu pot. to be a scientific a. academic breakthrough
3. (o czasie) do przodu a. w przód ahead
- przestawić zegarki o godzinę do przodu to put the clock forward an hour

- wybiegać myślami w przód to look ahead

■ być do przodu z robotą pot. to be ahead of schedule

- być sto/tysiąc złotych do przodu pot. to be a hundred/thousand zlotys ahead pot.

- mieć egzamin do przodu pot. to have passed one’s exam

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > prz|ód
15 backward

1. adjective
1) rückwärts gerichtet; Rückwärts-

backward movement — Rückwärtsbewegung, die

2) (slow, retarded) zurückgeblieben [Kind]; (underdeveloped) rückständig, unterentwickelt [Land, Region]

backward in something — in etwas (Dat.) zurückgeblieben
2. adverb
see academic.ru/5001/backwards">backwards

* * *
['bækwəd]
adjective

1) (aimed or directed backwards: He left without a backward glance.) zurück

2) (less advanced in mind or body than is normal for one's age: a backward child.) zurückgeblieben

3) (late in developing a modern culture, mechanization etc: That part of Britain is still very backward; the backward peoples of the world.) rückständig

•

- backwardness
- backwards
- backwards and forwards
- bend/fall over backwards
* * *

back·ward

[ˈbækwəd, AM -wɚd]

I. adj

1. (facing rear) rückwärtsgewandt, rückwärtsgerichtet; (reversed) Rück[wärts]-

in a \backward direction rückwärts

a \backward step ein Schritt nach hinten

she left without so much as a \backward glance sie ging, ohne sich auch nur noch einmal umzuschauen

2. (slow in development) children zurückgeblieben

3. (underdeveloped) region, area, state unterentwickelt, rückständig

4.

▶ to not be \backward in coming forward nicht zimperlich sein

II. adv inv see backwards

* * *
['bkwəd]
1. adj

1)

backward and forward movement — Vor-und Zurückbewegung f

backward flow of information — Rückfluss m von Daten

a backward glance — ein Blick zurück

a backward step (fig) — ein Schritt m zurück

2) (fig) economy, region rückständig; (pej = retarded) child zurückgeblieben

to be socially/economically backward — gesellschaftlich/wirtschaftlich rückständig sein

2. adv

See:

= backwards

* * *

backward [ˈbækwə(r)d]

A adj (adv backwardly)

1. rückwärts gerichtet, Rück(wärts)…:

backward dive (Wasserspringen) Rückwärtssprung m;

backward flow Rückfluss m;

a backward glance ein Blick zurück oder nach hinten

2. hinten gelegen, Hinter…

3. a) langsam, träge:

be backward in one’s duty seine Pflicht vernachlässigen

b) (geistig) schwerfällig

4. (in der Entwicklung etc) neg! zurück(geblieben), entwicklungsverzögert (Kind etc), unterentwickelt (auch Land etc), spät reifend (Früchte), spät eintretend (Jahreszeit)

5. rückständig (Land, Person etc):

be backward in one’s work mit seiner Arbeit im Rückstand sein

6. zögernd, widerwillig

7. umg auch backward in coming forward zurückhaltend, schüchtern, scheu:

a backward lover ein schüchterner Liebhaber

B adv US

1. rückwärts, zurück…, nach hinten:

backward and forward

a) hin und her,

b) vor und zurück;

count backward rückwärts zählen, zurückzählen ( beide:

from … to von … bis);

say the alphabet backward das Alphabet rückwärts aufsagen; → know A 3

2. rücklings, verkehrt

3. zurück…, in die Vergangenheit:

look backward fig zurückblicken

4. zurück…, zum Schlechten:

go backward fig sich verschlechtern

* * *
1. adjective
1) rückwärts gerichtet; Rückwärts-

backward movement — Rückwärtsbewegung, die

2) (slow, retarded) zurückgeblieben [Kind]; (underdeveloped) rückständig, unterentwickelt [Land, Region]

backward in something — in etwas (Dat.) zurückgeblieben
2. adverb
see backwards

* * *

adj.

nach hinten adj.

rückwärts adj.

zurückgeblieben (alt.Rechtschreibung) adj.

English-german dictionary > backward
16 problem

n

1) проблема; трудность

2) задача

3) вопрос

•

to add to a country's problems — увеличивать трудности, испытываемые страной

to address a problem — заниматься проблемой; браться за решение вопроса

to aggravate a problem — обострять / осложнять проблему

to alleviate a problem — снимать остроту вопроса

to appreciate the seriousness of the problem — осознавать / понимать серьезность проблемы

to attack a problem — браться за решение проблемы

to avoid problems — избегать проблем

to bring up a problem — поднимать / ставить на обсуждение проблему

to combat economic problems — бороться с экономическими трудностями

to come up against a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to complicate a problem — осложнять проблему

to compound the problems already facing smb — осложнять и без того трудные проблемы, стоящие перед кем-л.

to confront a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to constitute the core of the problem — составлять суть проблемы

to cope with a problem — справляться с задачей

to counteract a problem — принимать меры по какой-л. проблеме

to create a problem — создавать проблему / трудность

to deal successfully with problems — решать проблемы; успешно справляться с проблемами / с трудностями

to deal with a problem — подходить к вопросу; рассматривать проблему; справляться с трудностью

to define a problem — определять проблему

to deflect from one's internal problems — отвлекать внимание от своих внутренних проблем

to discuss a problem — обсуждать проблему

to dodge a problem — уклоняться от решения проблемы

to drag one's feet on a problem — затягивать обсуждение какого-л. вопроса на переговорах

to ease a problem — облегчать / упрощать решение проблемы

to engender a new problem — создавать новую проблему

to exacerbate a problem — обострять проблему

to examine a problem — изучать проблему

to face a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to find a solution to a problem — находить решение проблемы

to get to grips with a problem — браться за решение проблемы / задачи

to get to the bottom of a problem — добираться до сути проблемы

to grapple with a problem — пытаться справиться с проблемой

to handle a problem — решать проблему / задачу

to iron out a problem — урегулировать вопрос / проблему

to meet a problem — разрешать проблему

to overcome a problem — разрешать проблему; преодолевать трудность

to overstate a problem — драматизировать проблему

to play down a problem — преуменьшать значение проблемы

to politicize a problem — придавать проблеме политический характер

to pose a problem — создавать проблему

to promote solution of problems — способствовать решению проблем

to provide a permanent solution to a problem — обеспечивать постоянное решение проблемы

to put problems on the table — открыто излагать проблемы

to put forward a problem — выдвигать / ставить проблему

to reflect the magnitude of the problem — отражать важность проблемы

to resolve a problem — решать задачу / проблему

to respond to agricultural problems — реагировать на трудности в сельском хозяйстве

to run into a problem — сталкиваться с проблемой

to see eye to eye on a problem — иметь одинаковые взгляды по какому-л. вопросу

to settle a problem — урегулировать проблему

to show sympathetic understanding of a problem — относиться с пониманием к проблеме

to side-step a problem — уходить от решения вопроса

to simplify a problem — упрощать проблему

to solve a problem — решать / разрешать проблему

to sort out problems — разбираться с проблемами

to speak out about a problem — высказываться по проблеме

to suffer economic problems — испытывать экономические затруднения

to sweep problems back under the carpet — откладывать решение проблем

to tackle a problem — решать проблему; бороться за решение вопроса

to thrash out a problem — утрясать проблему

to touch upon a problem — касаться проблемы; затрагивать проблему

to wash one's hands of a problem — умывать руки; прекращать заниматься решением вопроса

to work out a problem — решать задачу

- acute problem
- age-old problem
- agrarian problem
- anticipated problem
- balance-of-payment problem
- basic problem
- border problem
- burning problem
- cardinal problem
- cash-flow problem
- chief problem
- common problem
- competitiveness problem
- complex problem
- complexity of a problem
- complicated problem
- comprehensive consideration of a problem
- conflict problem
- contentious problem
- controversial problem
- critical problem
- crucial problem
- cultural problem
- current problem
- daily problem
- dark problem
- debt problem
- deep problem
- deep-seated problem
- delicate problem
- difficult problem
- diplomatic problem
- disputable problem
- domestic problem
- drug problem
- easy ways out of economic problems
- economic problem
- education problem
- elaboration of economic problems
- employment problem
- endemic problem
- environmental problem
- ethnic problem
- farming problem
- financial liquidity problem
- financial problem
- focal problem
- food problem
- foreign debt problem
- formidable problem
- fuel and energy problem
- global problem
- grave problem
- growing problems
- hair-raising problem
- half-way solution of the problem
- hard core of a problem
- heart of the problem
- heavy problem
- high priority problem
- housing problem
- human problems
- human rights problem
- humanitarian problem
- immediate problem
- important problem
- inability to solve urgent problems
- incipient problems
- industrial problems
- infrastructure problem
- inherited problem
- insuperable problem
- insurmountable problem
- interconnected problems
- interdisciplinary problem
- interlinked problems
- internal problem
- international problem
- interrelated problems
- intractable problem
- intricate problem
- key part of the problem
- key problem
- kindred problem
- labor problems
- labor-shortage problem
- logistical problem
- long-standing problem
- long-term problem
- main problem
- major problem
- mammoth problem
- market problem
- massive problem
- minor problem
- monetary and financial problem
- nationalist problem
- nationality problem
- nation-wide problem
- number one problem
- outstanding problem
- painful problem
- pending problem
- perennial problem
- persistent problem
- personnel problem
- pivotal problem
- political problem
- pollution problem
- present-day problem
- pressing problem
- priority problem
- problem becomes more acute
- problem comes under scrutiny in most papers
- problem facing the country
- problem is compounded by smth
- problem of development
- problem of first priority
- problem of great concern for smb
- problem of instability
- problem of paramount importance
- problems demand the urgent attention of smb
- problems of mutual concern
- problems of peace, security and cooperation
- problems of the elderly
- problems of war and peace
- problems to be sorted out
- problems which face the world today
- range of problems
- regional problem
- related problem
- resolution of a problem
- root problem
- safety problem
- sale problem
- scientific problem
- sensitive problem
- serious problem
- settlement of a problem
- severe problem
- social problem
- socio-economic problem
- sociological problem
- solution of a problem
- solution to a problem
- solvable problem
- specific problem
- spectrum of problems
- stirring problem
- surmountable problem
- technical problem
- territorial problem
- Third World debt problem
- thorny problem
- topical problem
- touchy problem
- trading problem
- traditional problem
- transport problem
- universal problem
- unprecedented problem
- unresolved problem
- unsolved problem
- urgent problem
- vital problem
- world food problems
- world-wide problem

Politics english-russian dictionary > problem
17 frente

frente sustantivo femenino forehead, brow (liter);
◊ arrugar la frente to frown
■ sustantivo masculino 1
a) ( de edificio) front, facade (frml);

◊ hacer(le) frente a algo (a la realidad, una responsabilidad) to face up to sth;
(a gastos, obligaciones) to meet sth;
◊ hacerle frente a algn (a enemigo, atacante) to face sb

b) ( en locs)

◊ al frente: dar un paso al frente to take a step forward;
vive al frente (Chi) she lives opposite; estar al frente de algo ( de una clasificación) to be at the top of sth; ( de una empresa) to be in charge of sth;
◊ de frente ‹ chocar› head on;
una foto de frente a full-face photo; de frente a (AmL) facing; frente a opposite; estamos frente a un grave problema we are faced with a serious problem 2 (Meteo, Mil, Pol) front
frente
I sustantivo masculino
1 front: los soldados se marchan al frente mañana, the soldiers are leaving for the front tomorrow
2 (fachada) front, facade: el frente del hotel da al Paseo del Prado, the front of the hotel faces the Paseo del Prado
II f Anat forehead Locuciones: hacer frente a algo, to face something, stand up to something
al frente de, at the head of
de frente, (hacia delante) ahead (frontalmente) head-on
frente a, in front of, opposite
frente a frente, face-to-face
tener dos dedos de frente, to have common sense ' frente' also found in these entries: Spanish: arrugarse - copete - dedo - desafiar - enfrentar - escrita - escrito - fomento - juramentar - miliciana - miliciano - nacional - penetrar - salida - salido - saliente - sudor - testuz - valor - ante - brecha - chocar - dar - enjugar - reaccionar - recurrir - rozar - tomar - tormenta English: brow - collide - confront - cushion - dissenter - face - forehead - front - head-on - mop - music - off - opposite - pucker - self-conscious - shortfall - stand up - thick - across - amenable - brave - cover - forefront - give - hard - head - lose - meet - picket - present - stand - straight - trickle

English-spanish dictionary > frente
18 back

back [bæk]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

2. adjective

3. adverb

4. transitive verb

5. intransitive verb

6. compounds

7. Phrasal Verbs

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1. noun

   a. [of person, animal] dos m

• I've got a bad back j'ai des problèmes de dos

• to carry sth on one's back porter qch sur son dos

• to stand or sit with one's back to sb/sth tourner le dos à qn/qch

• back to back dos à dos

• to be on one's back (inf) ( = be ill) être alité

• behind sb's back derrière le dos de qn

• as soon as his back is turned dès qu'il a le dos tourné

• I was glad to see the back of him (inf) j'étais content de le voir partir

• to have one's back to the wall être adossé au mur ; (figurative) être le dos au mur

► to be on sb's back (inf) être sur le dos de qn

• my boss is always on my back j'ai sans arrêt mon patron sur le dos► to get off sb's back (inf) laisser qn tranquille

• get off my back, will you? fiche-moi la paix !► to get sb's back up hérisser qn

• that's what gets my back up c'est ce qui me hérisse► to put one's back into sth mettre toute son énergie dans qch

• put your back into it! (inf) allons, un peu de nerf ! (inf)► to turn one's back on sb/sth

• you can't just turn your back on your parents tu ne peux quand même pas tourner le dos à tes parents

• he turned his back on the past il a tourné la page► on the back of ( = by means of) en profitant de

   b. [of object] dos m ; [of chair] dossier m ; [of building] arrière m

► at the back [of building] derrière ; [of book] à la fin ; [of cupboard, hall] au fond

• at the very back tout au fond► at the back of [+ building] derrière ; [+ book] à la fin de ; [+ cupboard, hall] au fond de

• he's at the back of all this trouble c'est lui qui est derrière tous ces problèmes► in back (US) [of building, car] à l'arrière

► in back of (US) [+ building, car] à l'arrière de

► in the back [of car] à l'arrière

• to sit in the back of the car être assis à l'arrière► out or round the back (inf) (British) derrière

► back to front devant derrière

• you've got it on back to front tu l'as mis devant derrière

   c. (of part of body) [of head] derrière m ; [of hand] dos m

• the back of one's neck la nuque

• I know Paris like the back of my hand je connais Paris comme ma poche

   d. (Football, hockey) arrière m

2. adjective

   a. ( = not front) [wheel] arrière inv

• the back room [of house] la pièce du fond ; [of pub, restaurant] l'arrière-salle f

• back legs pattes fpl de derrière

   b. [taxes] arriéré

3. adverb

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When back is an element in a phrasal verb, eg come back, put back, look up the verb.

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   a. (in space, time) (stand) back! reculez !

• stay well back! n'approchez pas !

• a week back (inf) il y a une semaine

• as far back as 1800 dès 1800

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► When followed by a preposition, back is often not translated.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

• meanwhile, back in London... pendant ce temps-là, à Londres...

• it all started back in 1990 tout a commencé en 1990

• he little suspected how worried they were back at home il était loin de se douter que sa famille s'inquiétait autant

► to go back and forth, to go back and forward [person] faire des allées et venues ; [phone calls, emails, letters] être échangé

   b. ( = returned)

► to be back [person] être rentré

• Mike is not back yet Mike n'est pas encore rentré

• I'll be back at six je serai de retour à six heures

• as soon as I'm back dès que je serai rentré

• Catherine is now back at work Catherine a repris le travail

• the electricity is back l'électricité est revenue

• everything's back to normal tout est rentré dans l'ordre► ... and back

• he went to Paris and back il a fait le voyage de Paris aller et retour

• the journey there and back le trajet aller et retour

• you can go there and back in a day tu peux faire l'aller et retour en une journée

   c. ( = reimbursed) I got/want my money back j'ai récupéré/je veux récupérer mon argent

4. transitive verb

   a. ( = support) soutenir ; [+ statement] confirmer

   b. ( = finance) financer

   c. ( = bet on) parier sur

• I'm backing Leeds to win je parie que Leeds va gagner

• to back the wrong horse miser sur le mauvais cheval

• to back a loser (figurative) miser sur le mauvais cheval

   d. [+ vehicle] reculer

• to back the car in/out entrer/sortir en marche arrière

5. intransitive verb

( = move backwards) reculer

• to back out [vehicle] sortir en marche arrière ; [person] sortir à reculons

6. compounds

► back alley noun ruelle f

► back benches plural noun (British) bancs mpl des députés de base

► back-breaking adjective éreintant

► back burner noun

• to put sth on the back burner mettre qch en veilleuse ► back catalogue noun fonds m de catalogue

► the back country noun (US) la campagne profonde

► back door noun porte f de derrière

• to do sth by or through the back door faire qch par des moyens détournés ► back line noun (Sport) ligne f d'arrières

► back-line player noun (US Sport) arrière m

► back-lit adjective [stage] éclairé de derrière or par l'arrière ; [screen] rétro-éclairé

► back number noun [of newspaper] vieux numéro m

• to be a back number [person] ne plus être dans le coup (inf) ► back-pack noun sac m à dos

► back-packer noun routard (e) m(f)

► back-packing noun

• to go back-packing voyager sac au dos ► back pain noun mal m de dos

► back pay noun rappel m de salaire

► back-pedal intransitive verb ( = retreat) faire marche arrière

► back road noun petite route f de campagne

► back seat noun siège m arrière

• in the back seat sur le siège arrière

• to take a back seat (to sth) (inf) passer au second plan (par rapport à qch) ► back-seat driver noun

• he's a back-seat driver il est toujours à donner des conseils au conducteur ► back street noun ruelle f

• he grew up in the back streets of Leeds il a grandi dans les quartiers pauvres de Leeds ► back-to-back adjective dos à dos

• a row of back-to-back houses (British) une rangée de maisons adossées les unes aux autres adverb• they showed two episodes back-to-back ils ont passé deux épisodes à la suite ► back tooth noun (plural back teeth) molaire f

7. Phrasal Verbs

► back away intransitive verb (se) reculer

• to back away from [+ problem] prendre ses distances par rapport à► back down intransitive verb revenir sur sa position

► back off intransitive verb

( = draw back) reculer

► back on to inseparable transitive verb

[house]

the house backs on to the golf course l'arrière de la maison donne sur le terrain de golf► back out

1. intransitive verb

[person] sortir à reculons ; [car] sortir en marche arrière ; (of undertaking) revenir sur ses engagements

2. separable transitive verb

[+ vehicle] sortir en marche arrière► back out of inseparable transitive verb

[+ deal, agreement] se retirer de ; [+ undertaking] se soustraire à

► back up

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = reverse) faire marche arrière

   b. ( = queue) the traffic is backing up for miles il y a des kilomètres de bouchon

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ theory, claim] confirmer ; [+ person] soutenir

   b. [+ vehicle] faire reculer

   c. [+ computer file] faire une copie de sauvegarde de

* * *
[bæk] 1.
noun

1) Anatomy, Zoology dos m

to be (flat) on one's back — lit être (à plat) sur le dos; fig être au lit

to turn one's back on somebody/something — lit, fig tourner le dos à quelqu'un/quelque chose

to do something behind somebody's back — lit, fig faire quelque chose dans le dos de quelqu'un

I was glad to see the back of him — j'étais content de le voir partir

2) ( reverse side) (of page, cheque, hand, fork, envelope) dos m; ( of fabric) envers m; (of medal, coin) revers m

3) ( rear-facing part) (of vehicle, head) arrière m; ( of electrical appliance) face f arrière; (of shirt, coat) dos m; (of chair, sofa) dossier m

on the back of the door/head — derrière la porte/tête

the shelves are oak but the back is plywood — les étagères sont en chêne mais le fond est en contreplaqué

4) ( area behind building)

to be out back —

to be in the back — US être dans le jardin or la cour

there's a small garden out back ou round the back — il y a un petit jardin derrière (la maison)

the steps at the back of the building — l'escalier à l'arrière de l'immeuble

5) (of car, plane) arrière m

6) (of cupboard, drawer, fridge, bus, stage) fond m

at ou in the back of the drawer — au fond du tiroir

those at the back couldn't see — ceux qui étaient derrière ne pouvaient pas voir

7) Sport arrière m

left back — arrière gauche

8) ( end) fin f

at the back of the book — à la fin du livre
2.
adjective

1) ( at the rear) [leg, paw, edge, wheel] arrière; [bedroom] du fond; [page] dernier/-ière (before n); [garden, gate] de derrière

2) ( isolated) [road] petit (before n)

back alley ou lane — ruelle f

3) Finance, Commerce

back interest/rent/tax — arriérés mpl d'intérêts/de loyer/d'impôts
3.
adverb

1) ( after absence)

to be back — être de retour

I'll be back in five minutes — je reviens dans cinq minutes

to arrive ou come back — rentrer ( from de)

he's back at work — il a repris le travail

she's back in (the) hospital — elle est retournée à l'hôpital

when is he due back? — quand doit-il rentrer?

the mini-skirt is back — ( in fashion) les mini-jupes sont de nouveau à la mode

2) ( in return)

to call ou phone back — rappeler

I'll write back (to him) — je lui répondrai

to punch somebody back — rendre son coup à quelqu'un

to smile back at somebody — rendre son sourire à quelqu'un

3) ( backwards) [glance, jump, step, lean] en arrière

4) ( away)

we overtook him 20 km back — nous l'avons doublé il y a 20 km

ten lines back — dix lignes plus haut

ten pages back — dix pages (avant or plus tôt)

5) ( ago)

25 years back — il y a 25 ans

a week/five minutes back — il y a une semaine/cinq minutes

6) ( a long time ago)

back in April — en avril

back in the days when — du temps où

it was obvious as far back as last year that — déjà l'année dernière il était évident que

7) ( once again)

she's back in power — elle a repris le pouvoir

8) ( expressing a return to a former location)

to travel to London and back — faire l'aller-retour à Londres

we walked there and took the train back — nous y sommes allés à pied et nous avons pris le train pour rentrer

9) ( in a different location)

meanwhile, back in France, he... — pendant ce temps, en France, il...

I'll see you back at the house — je te verrai à la maison
4.
back and forth adverbial phrase

to go ou travel back and forth — ( commute) [person, bus] faire la navette ( between entre)

to walk ou go back and forth — faire des allées et venues ( between entre)

to swing back and forth — [pendulum] osciller

the film cuts ou moves back and forth between New York and Paris — le film se passe entre New York et Paris
5.
transitive verb

1) ( support) soutenir [party, person, bid, bill, strike, action]; appuyer [application]; apporter son soutien à [enterprise, project]

2) ( finance) financer [project, undertaking]

3) ( endorse) garantir [currency]

to back a bill — Commerce, Finance endosser or avaliser une traite

4) ( substantiate) justifier [argument, claim] ( with à l'aide de)

5) ( reverse)

to back the car into the garage — rentrer la voiture au garage en marche arrière

to back somebody into something — faire reculer quelqu'un dans quelque chose

6) ( bet on) parier sur [horse, favourite, winner]

7) (stiffen, line) consolider, renforcer [structure]; endosser [book]; renforcer [map]; maroufler [painting]; doubler [fabric]
6.
- backed combining form

1) ( of furniture)

a high-/low-backed chair — une chaise avec un dossier haut/bas

2) (lined, stiffened)

canvas-/foam-backed — doublé de toile/de mousse

3) ( supported)

UN-backed — soutenu par l'ONU

4) ( financed)

government-backed — financé par l'État

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- back away

- back down

- back off

- back onto

- back out

- back up

••

to put one's back into it — travailler dur

he's always on my back — (colloq) il est toujours sur mon dos

to be at the back of something — être à l'origine de quelque chose

to put somebody's back up — offenser quelqu'un

to live off somebody's back — vivre aux crochets de quelqu'un

to break the back of a journey/task — faire le plus gros du voyage/travail

English-French dictionary > back
19 backward

back·ward [ʼbækwəd, Am -wɚd] adj

1) ( facing rear) rückwärtsgewandt [o -gerichtet]; ( reversed) Rück[wärts]-;

in a \backward direction rückwärts;

a \backward step ein Schritt nach hinten;

she left without so much as a \backward glance sie ging, ohne sich auch nur noch einmal umzuschauen

2) ( slow in development) children zurückgeblieben

3) ( underdeveloped) region, area, state unterentwickelt, rückständig

PHRASES:

to not be \backward in coming forward nicht zimperlich sein adv

inv → backwards

English-German students dictionary > backward

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forward facing step

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forward facing step

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